| Domain or Specific Clinical Situations | Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Assessments or Measurement Instruments |
| CORE ASSESSMENTS | |
| Severity assessment | UKMEB-PQsymp; DPQ, RAND-36, Pain and fatigue analogue scales |
| Disability screening | RAND-36 summary scales (physical and mental component summaries) |
| Muscle power and general health | Hand grip measurements, dynamometer |
| ADDITIONAL ASSESSMENTS | |
| Routine tests not done recently and justified clinically | Tests as appropriate |
| If clinical history suggests autoimmune or immunodeficiency | ANA, ENA, TPO, AMA, APA, immunoglobulins, and others according to clinical findings |
| Serious neurocognitive symptoms that increase risks for patients | Neurocognitive tests—e.g., Creteil battery of tests; NIH CDE Toolbox (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), 2018) [43] |
| Neuroimaging as needed for further neurological investigations | MRI scan, CT |
| Obstructive sleep apnoea suspected | Sleep studies, polysomnography |
| Signs of small fibre neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, marked muscle symptoms, objective peripheral findings | Nerve conduction studies, electromyography (EMG), skin (for intradermal nerve fibre density) or muscle (rarely necessary) biopsy |
| POTS, orthostatic intolerance | Tilt table test or repeated recumbent and standing heart rate and blood pressure (standing test) |
| Objective assessment of PEM or disability | 2-day CPT (use with caution as can cause or aggravate PEM) |
| Other more recent tests which may be useful | Metabolomics, e.g., those revealed through organic acid testing and amino acid urine and serum, cytokine panels, and autoantibodies to receptors such as adrenergic receptors. |
| * A selection or the full range of tests may be conducted routinely or in support of disability assessment. AMA: anti-mitochondrial antibody. ANA: anti-nuclear antibodies. APA: anti-phospholipid antibodies. CPT: cardio-pulmonary testing. DPQ: DePaul Symptom Questionnaire. ENA: extractable nuclear antigens. PEM: post-exertional malaise. POTS: postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. TPO: thyroid peroxidase. UKMEB PQsym.: UK ME/CF Participant Questionnaire. | |