Table 1.
List of cellular miRNA regulated by HCV core protein.
| miRNA | HCV Protein | miR-Expression | Cell Model | Animal Model | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-122 [38,42] | Core | Down | Huh7.5.1, Huh7 | Positive regulator of infection at initial phases. The Inhibition of TENT-2, by core protein, affects the miR-122 maturation and function. HCV self-inhibitory effect. |
|
| miR-21 [43] | Core Genotype 3a |
Up | Huh-7 | mir21alox/lox (control) and Mir21a KO mice | Downregulates PTEN to promote lipid accumulation and steatosis. Promote viral replication. |
| miR-93 [44] | Core Genotype 1b |
Up | Huh7 | IFNAR1 down-regulation to abolish IFN α pathway. |
|
| miR-27a and miR-27b [45] | Core Genotype 1b |
Up | Huh7.5 | SCID-beige/Alb-uPa mice infected with genotype 1a and 2b |
Repression of PPAR-α, which led to triglycerides accumulation, and ANGPTL3, which caused an increase in lipoproteinlipase activity and fatty acid uptake. HCV self-inhibitory mechanism |
| miR-185 [46] | Core Genotype 1b |
Down | HepG2 | Targets SREBP2, control of cholesterol homeostasis. |
|
| miR-758 [47] | Core | Up | QSG-7701 | Regulation of the cholesterol metabolism, also controlling the cholesterol efflux through ABCA1 repression. TLR3 and TLR7 downregulation with a subsequent decrease in IFNα and IFNβ. |
|
| miR-192 [48] | Core Genotype 1b |
Up | Huh-7, Huh-7.5 | Downregulates ZEB1 responsible for the TGF-β1 inhibition. | |
| miR-152 [49] | Core | Down | HepG2 | WNT1 increase with a consequent promotion of cell growth and colony formation. | |
| miR-196a [50] | Core Genotype 1b |
Up | HepG2, Huh-7 | FOXO1 down-regulation with a consequent proliferation. | |
| miR-203 [51] | Core Genotype 1b |
Down | L02 normal human liver, HepG2 | Balb/C nude mice injected with L02 or HepG2 | Induced EMT, increase in cell viability, and a decreased apoptosis susceptibility, possibly by up-regulating SNAL2, the miR-203 target. |
| miR-30c [51] | Core Genotype 1b |
Down | L02 normal human liver, HepG2 | Balb/C nude mice injected with L02 or HepG2 | Induced EMT, increase in cell viability, and a decreased apoptosis susceptibility, possibly by up-regulating SNAL1, the miR-30c target |
| miR-138 [52] | Core Genotype 1b |
Down | HepG2, Huh-7 | TERT increased expression. Indefinite growth and suppression of the senescence process. |