Evodiamine significantly attenuated tau aggregation and neuronal cell death. (A) SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with evodiamine (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 μM) for 12 h, and then incubated with OA (60 nM) for a further 6 h. The fractionation scheme used to separate different cellular pools of tau and the Western blot analysis of the effects of the compounds on tau pools generated using the fractionation scheme are presented. (B) SH-SY5Y cells were treated with evodiamine (1, 3, 5 μM) for 12 h and then treated with OA (100 nM) for another 12 h. The cells were fixed and stained with propidium iodide and analyzed by flow cytometry. Percentages of the sub-G1 phase in response to drug treatment; results are shown as the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments (ANOVA, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 vs. control; # p < 0.05 and ### p < 0.001 vs. relevant control).