Fig. 7.

DNM3OS knockdown weakened the inhibitory effect of hypoxia on chondrogenic induction. The rMSCs were transfected with si-DNM3OS, followed by induction of chondrogenic differentiation under hypoxic conditions (1% O₂) for 14 days. A Levels of miR-127-5p, DNM3OS, and GREM2 expression were determined by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. ***p < 0.001, compared with si-NC + hypoxia/induction group. B Levels of GREM2, BMP2, p-SMAD1, and p-SMAD2 in rMSCs were detected by western blotting. C Images from Alcian blue staining assays of rMSCs. (D) Levels of COL1A1, COL2A1, SOX9, and ACAN protein expression were detected in rMSCs. si-NC: negative control