Table 1.

Summary of evidence for predictive value of ACPA and RF for outcome of treatment with bDMARDs and tsDMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis.

Drug/Class of drugs	Prediction of response	Evidence base	References
TNF inhibitors	No predictive value	SLRs with meta-analyses of observational studies	(120–122)
IL-6 inhibitors	Conflicting evidence; No predictive value or slightly better efficacy in RF/ACPA positive patients	SLR with meta-analysis of RCTs and observational studies (tocilizumab) Observational studies (tocilizumab) Pooled data from RCTs (sarilumab)	(123) (124–127)
Abatacept	Some evidence for modestly better efficacy in ACPA positive patients	SLRs with meta-analysis of observational studies Large observational study of pooled register data	(121, 123) (124)
Rituximab	Better efficacy in RF/ACPA positive patients	RCTs SLR with meta-analysis of RCTs and observational studies Large observational study of pooled register data	(128) (123) (124)
JAK-inhibitors	No predictive value of ACPA (baricitinib) Better efficacy in seropositive as compared to seronegative patients (tofacitinib).	Observational register study (baricitinib) Pooled data from RCTs (tofacitinib).	(129) (130)

bDMARD, biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug, ACPA, anti-citrullinated protein/peptide antibodies; RF: rheumatoid factor, SLR, systematic literature review; RCT,randomized controlled trial; tsDMARD, targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug.