Table 1. Univariate analysis of characteristics potentially presenting a risk factor for colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae acquisition, Marseille, France, 2014–2017 (n = 66 patients).
| Characteristics | CRKP n = 22 |
CSKP n = 44 |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age of patients in years; median (range) | 69 (53–76) | 66 (53–75) | NS | |
| Number of patients of male sex | 18 | 19 | 0.004 | |
| Length of hospital stay in days; mean (standard deviation) | 60.1 (56.6) | 44.7 (40.3) | < 0.001 | |
| Delay before first positive sample in days; mean (standard deviation) | 21.7 (22.1) | 13.2 (17.2) | 0.151 | |
| Recent travel; number of patients (%) | 2 (9) | 3 (7) | NS | |
| Type of ward; number of patients (%) |
Intensive care unit | 15 (68) | 30 (68) | NS |
| Surgery services | 3 (14) | 6 (14) | NS | |
| Medical services | 3 (14) | 6 (14) | NS | |
| Neonatal intensive care unit | 1 (5) | 2 (5) | NS | |
| Type of sample; number of patients (%) |
Respiratory | 6 (27) | 13 (30) | 0.848 |
| Urine | 6 (27) | 18 (41) | 0.279 | |
| Blood | 1 (5) | 4 (9) | 0.911 | |
| Bone | 1 (5) | 2 (5) | NS | |
| Liquid puncture | 2 (9) | 4 (9) | NS | |
| Cutaneous swab | 2 (9) | 6 (14) | 0.923 | |
| Rectal swab | 7 (32) | 14 (32) | NS | |
| Comorbidies; number of patients (%) |
Solid organ cancer | 8 (36) | 7 (16) | 0.062 |
| Haematologic cancer | 1 (5) | 3 (7) | NS | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 0 (0) | 6 (14) | 0.167 | |
| Liver disease | 1 (5) | 2 (5) | NS | |
| Chronic renal failure | 2 (9) | 7 (16) | 0.706 | |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 2 (9) | 5 (11) | NS | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 5 (23) | 13 (30) | 0.770 | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 7 (32) | 12 (27) | 0.701 | |
| Solid organ transplantation | 0 (0) | 3 (7) | 0.545 | |
| Charlson score ≥ 3 | 16 (73) | 32 (73) | NS | |
| History; number of patients (%) |
Previous surgery | 10 (45) | 15 (34) | 0.370 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 14 (64) | 20 (45) | 0.164 | |
| Central venous catheter | 16 (73) | 32 (73) | NS | |
| Intravenous home therapy | 3 (14) | 4 (9) | 0.678 | |
| Urinary catheter | 16 (73) | 25 (57) | 0.209 | |
| Haemodialysis | 4 (18) | 3 (7) | 0.210 | |
| Recent bacterial infection | 12 (55) | 13 (30) | 0.048 | |
| Previous isolation of an ESBL-producing bacteria | 3 (14) | 7 (16) | NS | |
| Previous isolation of a carbapenemase producing bacteria | 11 (50) | 6 (14) | 0.006 | |
| Contact with patient carrying a CRKP | 14 (64) | 12 (27) | 0.004 | |
| Previous treatment; number of patients (%) |
Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid | 4 (18) | 9 (20) | NS |
| Piperacillin + clavulanic acid | 9 (41) | 17 (39) | 0.859 | |
| Third generation cephalosporin | 13 (59) | 15 (34) | 0.053 | |
| Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem or meropenem) | 9 (41) | 7 (16) | 0.025 | |
| Fluoroquinolones | 11 (50) | 21 (48) | 0.025 | |
| Aminoglycosides | 15 (68) | 15 (34) | 0.009 | |
| Colistin | 3 (14) | 2 (5) | 0.323 | |
CRKP: colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; CSKP: colistin-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae; ESBL: extended-spectrum beta-lactamase; NS: non-significant p value.