Table 3.
Subtypes of depression, anxiety and stress among participants (n = 974).
| Sub-category | Total (n = 974) n (%) | ≤24 years (n = 473) n (%) | >24 years (n = 501) n (%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Depression (PHQ-9) | ||||
| No depression (0–4) | 260 (26.7) | 103 (21.8) | 157 (31.3) | <0.001 |
| Mild depression (5–9) | 295 (30.3) | 134 (28.3) | 161 (32.1) | |
| Moderate depression (10–14) | 210 (21.6) | 123 (26.0) | 87 (17.4) | |
| Moderately severe depression (15–19) | 148 (15.2) | 79 (16.7) | 69 (13.8) | |
| Severe depression (20–27) | 61 (6.3) | 34 (7.2) | 27 (5.4) | |
| Mean PHQ-9 score [Mean (±SD)] |
9.19 ± 6.15 |
9.95 ± 6.10 |
8.48 ± 6.12 |
<0.001 |
|
Anxiety (GAD-7) | ||||
| Minimal anxiety (0–4) | 350 (35.9) | 155 (32.8) | 195 (38.9) | 0.015 |
| Mild anxiety (score 5–9) | 306 (31.4) | 154 (32.6) | 152 (30.3) | |
| Moderate anxiety (10–14) | 173 (17.8) | 78 (16.5) | 95 (19.0) | |
| Severe anxiety (15–21) | 145 (14.9) | 86 (18.2) | 59 (11.8) | |
| Mean GAD-7 score [Mean (±SD)] |
7.57 ± 5.61 |
7.98 ± 5.74 |
7.19 ± 5.47 |
0.027 |
|
Stress (PSS) | ||||
| Low stress (0–13) | 298 (30.6) | 138 (29.2) | 160 (31.9) | 0.623 |
| Moderate stress (14–26) | 657 (67.5) | 325 (68.7) | 332 (66.3) | |
| High perceived stress (27–40) | 19 (2.0) | 10 (2.1) | 9 (1.8) | |
| Mean Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score [Mean (±SD)] | 16.02 ± 5.55 | 16.32 ± 5.52 | 15.74 ± 5.57 | 0.104 |