Table 2.
Multivariable logistic regression model describing factors associated with UCC visits stratified by follow-up time period.
| Variable | Follow-Up Period | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 to 6 Months | 7 to 12 Months | 13 to 18 Months | 19 to 24 Months | |||||||||
| OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | |
| Chemotherapy | ||||||||||||
| Inactive | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Active | 3.08 | 2.32–4.09 | <0.01 | 2.80 | 2.29–3.43 | <0.01 | 2.62 | 1.98–3.47 | <0.01 | 4.65 | 3.38–6.41 | <0.01 |
| None | 0.45 | 0.33–0.62 | 0.39 | 0.30–0.51 | 0.41 | 0.29–0.59 | 0.48 | 0.31–0.74 | ||||
| Radiation Therapy | ||||||||||||
| Inactive | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Active | 2.21 | 1.62–3.00 | <0.01 | 1.46 | 1.13–1.89 | <0.01 | 1.79 | 1.18–2.73 | <0.01 | 1.08 | 0.52–2.22 | <0.01 |
| None | 1.06 | 0.79–1.42 | 0.76 | 0.62–0.93 | 0.74 | 0.56–0.97 | 0.52 | 0.36–0.74 | ||||
| Hormone Therapy | ||||||||||||
| Inactive | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Active | 1.58 | 0.75–3.32 | <0.01 | 1.39 | 0.87–2.20 | <0.01 | 1.49 | 0.77–2.87 | <0.01 | 1.00 | 0.46–2.16 | 0.14 |
| None | 3.01 | 1.62–5.58 | 2.38 | 1.61–3.51 | 3.48 | 1.94–6.24 | 1.99 | 0.96–4.09 | ||||
| Immunotherapy | ||||||||||||
| Inactive | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Active | 1.83 | 0.92–3.65 | 0.22 | 1.06 | 0.67–1.67 | 0.93 | 1.30 | 0.86–1.98 | <0.01 | 0.72 | 0.41–1.25 | <0.01 |
| None | 1.76 | 0.88–3.54 | 1.00 | 0.61–1.65 | 0.66 | 0.45–0.98 | 0.44 | 0.26–0.74 | ||||
| Cancer Site | ||||||||||||
| Hematologic | 1.78 | 1.31–2.42 | <0.01 | 1.84 | 1.22–2.78 | <0.01 | 1.20 | 0.80–1.80 | <0.01 | 1.68 | 0.96–2.94 | <0.01 |
| Genitourinary | 1.02 | 0.76–1.39 | 0.94 | 0.60–1.50 | 1.54 | 0.97–2.46 | 2.54 | 1.30–4.99 | ||||
| Lung and bronchus | 1.51 | 1.06–2.15 | 1.93 | 1.30–2.86 | 1.93 | 1.12–3.32 | 3.43 | 1.56–7.58 | ||||
| Breast | 2.09 | 1.44–3.03 | 1.65 | 1.09–2.50 | 1.02 | 0.51–2.04 | 0.73 | 0.30–1.75 | ||||
| Digestive | 1.14 | 0.82–1.59 | 0.82 | 0.54–1.26 | 0.75 | 0.46–1.21 | 1.42 | 0.77–2.62 | ||||
| Other | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Stage | ||||||||||||
| I | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| II | 1.44 | 1.08–1.93 | <0.01 | 1.78 | 1.27–2.50 | <0.01 | 1.73 | 1.10–2.71 | <0.01 | 3.24 | 1.66–6.31 | <0.01 |
| III | 1.75 | 1.29–2.39 | 1.78 | 1.27–2.51 | 2.17 | 1.33–3.55 | 2.62 | 1.35–5.07 | ||||
| IV | 2.65 | 1.94–3.61 | 2.38 | 1.59–3.54 | 3.85 | 2.39–6.21 | 3.12 | 1.53–6.36 | ||||
| Unknown | 1.84 | 1.18–2.85 | 1.44 | 0.89–2.34 | 3.71 | 2.14–6.41 | 5.94 | 2.80–12.58 | ||||
| Diagnosis age a | ||||||||||||
| ′ | 0.59 | 0.41–0.87 | <0.01 | 1.03 | 0.61–1.73 | <0.01 | 0.80 | 0.43–1.48 | <0.01 | 0.86 | 0.75–0.98 | 0.02 |
| ′′ | 0.42 | 0.31–0.56 | 0.56 | 0.37–0.84 | 0.43 | 0.27–0.69 | ||||||
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Female | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Male | 0.84 | 0.71–1.00 | 0.05 | 0.81 | 0.66–1.00 | 0.05 | 1.27 | 0.99–1.63 | 0.07 | 0.86 | 0.58–1.28 | 0.46 |
| Income quintile | ||||||||||||
| Q1 | 1.42 | 1.12–1.80 | 0.05 | 1.21 | 0.90–1.62 | 0.64 | 0.98 | 0.69–1.39 | 0.04 | 1.07 | 0.64–1.80 | 0.18 |
| Q2 | 1.27 | 0.97–1.67 | 1.23 | 0.91–1.66 | 1.18 | 0.77–1.79 | 0.90 | 0.53–1.52 | ||||
| Q3 | 1.35 | 1.04–1.74 | 1.07 | 0.82–1.38 | 1.63 | 1.14–2.33 | 1.41 | 0.85–2.36 | ||||
| Q4 | 1.18 | 0.92–1.51 | 1.15 | 0.87–1.53 | 1.21 | 0.78–1.87 | 0.85 | 0.50–1.43 | ||||
| Q5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Residential mobility b | ||||||||||||
| Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| High | 0.91 | 0.66–1.25 | 0.56 | 1.02 | 0.71–1.46 | 0.92 | 1.16 | 0.71–1.90 | 0.56 | 1.57 | 0.90–2.72 | 0.11 |
| ED visits prior to diagnosis | ||||||||||||
| 0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| 1 | 1.14 | 0.94–1.38 | <0.01 | 1.65 | 1.29–2.11 | <0.01 | 1.06 | 0.77–1.47 | 0.32 | 1.34 | 0.89–2.01 | 0.27 |
| 2+ | 1.51 | 1.20–1.91 | 1.78 | 1.29–2.46 | 1.37 | 0.91–2.05 | 1.31 | 0.76–2.28 | ||||
| Primary care clinician visits | ||||||||||||
| Per 10 visits | 0.99 | 0.89–1.11 | 0.92 | 1.06 | 0.94–1.18 | 0.34 | 0.96 | 0.79–1.17 | 0.71 | 1.05 | 0.86–1.28 | 0.64 |
| Continuity of care c | ||||||||||||
| Yes (≥50%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| No (<50%) | 1.18 | 0.95–1.47 | 0.04 | 1.25 | 1.02–1.53 | 0.04 | 1.13 | 0.85–1.50 | 0.50 | 1.05 | 0.73–1.51 | 0.92 |
| <3 visits | 0.76 | 0.55–1.05 | 0.80 | 0.56–1.13 | 0.83 | 0.52–1.32 | 0.91 | 0.45–1.86 | ||||
| Comorbidity (RUB) | ||||||||||||
| 0–2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| 3 | 1.33 | 1.08–1.64 | <0.01 | 1.12 | 0.85–1.47 | 0.54 | 1.33 | 0.92–1.91 | 0.05 | 1.58 | 0.91–2.75 | 0.16 |
| 4–5 | 1.51 | 1.16–1.98 | 1.22 | 0.85–1.76 | 1.95 | 1.15–3.33 | 1.86 | 0.98–3.52 | ||||
| Time Interval | ||||||||||||
| ′ | 0.98 | 0.62–1.54 | 0.96 | 0.91 | 0.86–0.96 | <0.01 | 0.94 | 0.88–1.00 | 0.05 | 0.93 | 0.86–0.99 | 0.03 |
| ′′ | 0.97 | 0.80–1.18 | ||||||||||
Abbreviations: UCC, urgent cancer care; ED, emergency department; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; RUB, resource utilization band. ′, ′′ Splines. a For the 19—24 month follow-up period, diagnosis age was per 10 years. b Residential mobility included postal code changes in the 5 years prior to diagnosis. c Continuity of care included primary care clinician visits in the 6 to 30 months prior to diagnosis.