Table 2.
Adjusted effect estimates of the association of hyperuricemia with kidney outcomes based on follow-up duration of studies for the hyperuricemia question.
| Comparisons | Outcomes | Original non stratified estimates* | Method 1: weighted stratified estimates of the original OR/HR†§ | Method 2: exponentiating the weighted stratified estimates of the log OR/HR‡§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Highest versus lowest sUA tertile/quartile/quintile | New onset stage 3 or more CKD | OR/HR 2.13, 95% CI 1.74–2.61 | OR/HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.83–2.00 | OR/HR 2.70, 95% CI 2.60–2.81 |
| New-onset albuminuria | OR/HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.34–2.79 | OR/HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.53–1.85 | OR/HR 2.38, 95% CI 2.18–2.61 | |
| Kidney failure | HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.18–1.99 | HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.27–1.51 | HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.44–1.71 | |
| New-onset rapid decline of eGFR (⩾3 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year) | OR1.38, 95% CI 1.20–1.59 | OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.23–1.52 | OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.24–1.53 | |
| Hyperuricemia versus normouricemia | New-onset stage 3 or more CKD | OR/HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.50–2.13 | OR/HR 1.99, 95% CI 1.80–2.17 | OR/HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.81–2.15 |
| New onset albuminuria | OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.06–8.77 | OR 3.54, 95% CI 3.10–3.98 | OR 3.08, 95% CI 2.59–3.67 | |
| Kidney failure | HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.23–3.51 | HR 3.47 95% CI 3.19–3.75 | HR 2.51, 95% CI 2.24–2.80 | |
| Every 1 mg/dl increase in sUA | New-onset stage 3 or more CKD | HR/OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.09–1.22 | OR/HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.11–1.18 | OR/HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.12–1.19 |
| New onset albuminuria | HR/OR 1.30, 95% CI, 1.10–1.53 | HR/OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.08–1.33 | HR/OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.11–1.38 | |
| Kidney failure | HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.12 | HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.07 | HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03–1.08 | |
| New-onset rapid decline of eGFR (⩾3 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year) | OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.14–1.30 | OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.16–1.27 | OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.17–1.27 |
Effect estimates obtained after combining individual study estimates using random effect (generic inverse variance) method of meta-analysis.
Obtained after combining the stratum estimates of odds ratios proportional to the size of each stratum.
Obtained after calculating log of odds ratios within each stratum and then exponentiating the combined estimated log odds ratios (combined proportional to sizes).
Each stratum is based on follow-up duration of included studies in original non-stratified estimates (0–4, 4–8, 8–12, >12 years).
CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, hazard ratio; OR, odds ratio; sUA, serum urate.