Optimization of the reaction conditions and evaluation of key parameters for the reaction selectivitya.
Entry | Base | 3aa, % | 4aa, % | 5aa, % | 6aa, % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Py | 0 | 0 | 90 | 10 |
2 | NaHCO3 | 29 | 2 | 62 | 7 |
3 | KOAc | 44 | 4 | 47 | 5 |
4 | K2CO3 | 70 | 13 | 7 | 10 |
5 | KF | 81 | 7 | 10 | 2 |
6b | tBuOK | 33 | 5 | 0 | 62 |
7 | DBU | 85 | 7 | 3 | 0 |
8c | DBU | 10 | 77 | 0 | 0 |
9c,d,e | DBU | 0 | 0 | 7 | 93 |
10f | DBU | 5 | 0 | 37 | 58 |
11e | DBU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 |
12e,c | DBU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 |
13g | DBU | 0 | 92 | 0 | 0 |
14h | DBU | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 |
Unless otherwise noted, the reactions were carried out using 1a (0.15 mmol), 2a (0.3 mmol), DMF (3 ml), base (0.33 mmol), Eosin Y (3 mol%), 40 °C, green LEDs (1.25 W), 24 h, and argon.
Reaction mixture was deeply colored.
Under air.
t = 80 °C, reaction time 72 h.
Reaction without Eosin Y and green light.
0.125 ml of DMF.
Addition of TEMPO.
Addition of γ-terpinene. Several reaction mixtures' NMR spectra are shown in the ESI (Fig. S1–S4).