. 2021 May 14;11:672687. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.672687

Table 6.

Correlation of serum tumor biomarkers with LC patients’ clinicopathological characteristics.

Characteristics	n	NSE (ng/mL)		P	CEA (ng/mL)		P	CA125 (U/mL)		P	CA153 (U/mL)		P
Characteristics	n	Mean	Median	P	Mean	Median	P	Mean	Median	P	Mean	Median	P
*Gender*
Male	40	18.51	16.86	0.3019	28.48	4.04	0.4702	48.12	20.1	0.9643	23.37	12.19	0.4024
Female	27	23.24	18.2	0.3019	111.65	3.08	55.08	17.74	30.56	14.28	23.37	12.19	0.4024
*Age*
≥60	36	21.07	18.05	0.0518	94.66	4.47	0.3392	58.33	25.25	0.2473	31.1	16.75	0.0291
<60	31	19.06	14.71	0.0518	24.06	2.59	42.31	16.58	20.65	10.04	31.1	16.75	0.0291
*Histology*
Adenocarcinoma	56	20.41	17.05	0.6816	71.22	4.47	0.2395	55.88	18.44	0.9393	29.44	14.99	0.0081
Squamous	11	19.5	18.94	0.6816	15.03	2.43	25.68	16.58	10.12	9.23	29.44	14.99	0.0081
*Smoking History*
Yes	30	20.16	17.33	0.3993	28.28	3.965	0.6959	42.85	20.92	0.8352	20.02	11.44	0.2435
No	37	20.3	17.17	0.3993	89.33	3.87	57.46	17.74	31.33	14.78	20.02	11.44	0.2435
*TNM Stage*
I	21	13.59	13.37	0.0018	2.29	1.78	<0.0001	11	9.53	<0.0001	10.3	9.14	<0.0001
II	6	16.31	16.86		3.15	2.1	16.35	8.67	14.78	14.86
III	13	19.81	18.94		41.34	3.81	48.39	21.07	17.12	11.33
IV	27	24.92	20.17		131.45	11.4	91.26	40.68	45.64	27.24
*Tumor Depth*
T1	27	14.34	13.89	0.0065	107.9	2.53	0.052	18.66	13.16	<0.0001	14.34	10.99	0.0024
T2	11	20.24	18.52		7	3.81	18	11.68	15.83	11.55
T3	16	20.18	17.19		44.84	5.175	45.71	29.4	24.59	16.71
T4	13	27.98	19.06		34.26	10.08	152.2	96.68	61.94	33.53
*Lymph Node Involvement*
N0	30	14.86	14.71	0.0033	92.16	1.94	0.0011	17.39	9.995	0.0002	13.56	11.23	0.0335
N1	4	27.94	27.26		9.063	8.95	32.23	27.35	35.67	25.22
N2	19	22.87	18.25		36.64	4.11	90.72	29	32.65	12.08
N3	14	23.07	18.14		46.89	21.87	74.11	68.26	42.14	16.94
*Lymph Node Metastasis*
Yes	37	23.55	19	0.001	37.54	8.7	0.0002	78.11	29.79	<0.0001	36.57	16.9	0.008
No	30	14.86	14.71	0.001	92.16	1.94	17.39	9.995	13.56	11.23	36.57	16.9	0.008
*Distant Metastasis*
M0	40	16.32	15.85	0.0046	15.11	2.455	<0.0001	23.7	11.68	<0.0001	13.19	11.07	< 0.0001
M1	27	24.92	20.17	0.0046	131.5	11.4	91.26	40.68	45.64	27.24	13.19	11.07	< 0.0001
*CSV Positive CTC Status*
No Detected (0)	9	13.34	11.64	0.0063	2.38	2.31	0.0191	20.23	14.89	0.1981	9.532	8.73	0.0067
Detected (≥ 1)	58	21.4	17.8	0.0063	71.25	4.47	55.68	22.65	28.86	14.53	9.532	8.73	0.0067
Positive (≥ 2)	40	21.55	17.18	0.2013	29.54	4.89	0.0202	62.52	25.27	0.0315	31.6	15.2	0.0279
Negative (< 2)	27	15.98	15.75	0.2013	138.3	2.395	23.66	13.29	13.75	9.91	31.6	15.2	0.0279

LC, lung cancer; n, number; NSE, neuron-specific enolase; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CA125/153, carbohydrate antigen 125/153; TNM, tumor-node-metastasis; CSV, cell surface vimentin; CTC, circulating tumor cell. Bold values mean statistically significant. Bold values are all less than 0.05.