Table 2.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles associated with preexisting conditions.
| Disease/disorder | HLA alleles∗∗ | Ref |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular disease | ||
| (i) Congestive heart failure | A∗01 : 01, B∗08 : 01, Cw∗07 : 01, DRB1∗03 : 01, DQB1∗02 : 01 | [12] |
| (ii) Cardiomyopathy | DRB1∗04 : 03, DRB1∗04 : 04, DRB1∗04 : 05 | [126] |
| (iii) Ischemic HF | DQB1∗05 : 01, Cw∗05 : 01 | [13, 72, 127, 128] |
| (iv) Cardiovascular disease | HLA‐A2 | |
| (v) Coronary artery disease | DRB1∗01, DQB1∗06 : 04, DQB1∗05 : 01, DRB1∗04 : 01, DQB1∗03 : 02 | |
| (vi) Hypertension | B12, B13, B22, B18, B41, Cw∗04, Cw∗02, DRB1∗04 | [70, 129–131] |
| Obese | A∗02 : 01, B∗07 : 02, B∗27 : 04, B∗40 : 01, Cw∗01 : 03, Cw∗03 : 02, DQB1∗03 : 02, DQB1∗06 : 02, DRB1∗03 : 01, DRB1∗07 : 01, DRB1∗12 : 02, DRB1∗15 | [117, 118] |
| Kawasaki disease (KD) | Cw∗07 : 02, Cw∗04 : 01, Cw∗12 : 02, B35, B75, Cw∗09, Cw∗15 : 02, B∗44 : 02, B∗44 : 03 | [132–134] |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||
| (i) Type 1 | DRB1∗03 : 01, DRB1∗04 : 01, DRB1∗04 : 02, DRB1∗04 : 05, DQA1∗03 : 01, DQB1∗02 : 01, DQB1∗03 : 02, DQA1∗05 : 01, B∗39 : 06, Cw∗03 : 03, Cw∗03 : 04, Cw∗03 : 05, Cw∗03 : 06, Cw∗03 : 07 | [86, 135–137] |
| (ii) Type 2 | DQA1∗03 : 01, DQA1∗05 : 01, DQB1∗02 : 01, DQB1∗03 : 02, DRB1∗03, DRB1∗04, DQA1∗05 : 01 | |
| Respiratory disease | ||
| (i) COPD | DRB1∗14, HLA∗Bw 60 | [95, 96] |
| (ii) Asthma | DQA1, DRB1, DQB1, DPB1 | [102, 103] |
| Kidney disease | ||
| (i) Chronic kidney disease | A∗24, B∗37, B∗40, B∗50, B∗54; DRB1∗10, DRB1∗11, DRB1∗12 | [138, 139] |
| (ii) End stage renal disease | B∗8, A∗11, A∗33, B∗49, A∗2, B∗35, B∗27, DRB1∗11 |
∗∗ indicates that only alleles which are likely markers of susceptibility for these chronic diseases are mentioned.