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Fig. 6. Top: reduction of [4]2+ (5 mM) by GSH (3 equiv.) at 37 °C and selected 1H NMR resonances showing the progress of the reaction in D2O : DMSO-d6 (7.9 : 2.1, v/v) at pH 7.6 (0.3 M phosphate buffer). Bottom: chloride efflux data of [4]2+ (14 μM), [4]2+ (14 μM)/GSH (20 μM, 50 μM, and 100 μM), and [2]+ after 20 min. Incubation in the external buffer (pH 7.4) containing the POPC vesicles loaded with a chloride cargo at 37 °C.