TABLE 1. Estimated proportion of adults aged ≥19 years who received influenza vaccination, by race/ethnicity* and high-risk status† — National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2017–18 season.
| Characteristic | Sample size | % (95% CI) | Simple difference from 2016–17 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall
§
|
21,675
|
46.1
(45.0–47.3)
|
0.7
|
|
Race/Ethnicity
| |||
| White |
14,917 |
49.3
(48.2–50.5) |
1.1 |
| Black |
2,322 |
39.0
(35.5–42.7)¶ |
0.5 |
| Hispanic |
2,757 |
37.5
(34.5–40.8)¶ |
0.5 |
| Asian |
1,082 |
50.7
(46.4–55.2) |
0.5 |
| Other |
597 |
41.4
(35.5–47.9)¶ |
−6.1 |
|
High-risk status
| |||
|
Adults with
high-risk conditions
|
6,260
|
61.0
(59.2–62.9)**
|
1.3
|
| White |
4,554 |
62.7
(60.6–64.8)** |
1.3 |
| Black |
683 |
53.4
(48.0–59.1)¶,** |
−1.5 |
| Hispanic |
611 |
55.0
(48.5–61.7)¶,** |
3.0 |
| Asian |
193 |
75.9
(64.7–85.7)¶,** |
6.1 |
| Other |
219 |
52.4
(42.3–63.3)** |
−4.1 |
|
Adults without
high-risk conditions
|
15,368
|
40.8
(39.5–42.1)
|
0.4
|
| White |
10,329 |
43.8
(42.5–45.2) |
0.7 |
| Black |
1,636 |
34.7
(30.7–39.1)¶ |
2.5 |
| Hispanic |
2,141 |
33.3
(30.0–37.0)¶ |
−0.1 |
| Asian |
885 |
45.2
(40.3–50.5) |
−0.6 |
| Other | 377 | 35.7 (28.4–44.3)¶ | −7.8 |
Abbreviation: CI = confidence interval.
* Persons identified as White, Black, Asian, or other race are non-Hispanic. Persons identified as Hispanic might be of any race. “Other” includes American Indian/Alaska Native persons and persons who identified multiple races. The five racial/ethnic categories are mutually exclusive.
† Adults categorized as being at high risk for influenza-related complications reported one or more of the following: 1) ever being told by a physician that they had diabetes, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, angina, heart attack, or another heart condition; 2) receiving a diagnosis of cancer during the preceding 12 months (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) or ever being told by a physician that they had lymphoma, leukemia, or blood cancer; 3) being told by a physician that they had chronic bronchitis or weak or failing kidneys during the preceding 12 months; or 4) reporting an asthma episode or attack during the preceding 12 months.
§ Respondents were asked if they had received an influenza shot during the preceding 12 months and, if so, in which month and year. Missing month and year were imputed (3.8%), and interviews conducted during August 2017–June 2018 were used to estimate vaccination coverage during July 2017–May 2018 using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Differences were measured as the simple difference between the 2016–17 and 2017–18 influenza seasons.
¶ p<0.05 by t–test for comparisons with non-Hispanic White as the reference.
** p<0.05 by t–test for comparisons between those with high-risk conditions and those without high-risk conditions, overall and within each level of race/ethnicity.