Table 3.
Physical comorbidity model
| Cognitive impairment (using MoCA) |
Relative cognitive impairment |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
|||||||||
| Variable | Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 |
| eGFR (per mL /min/1.73 m2 increase) | 0.984 (0.970–0.999)* | 0.988 (0.973–1.003) | 0.988 (0.973–1.003) | 0.989 (0.972–1.006) | 0.969 (0.950–0.988)* | 0.976 (0.956–0.997) | 0.976 (0.956–0.997) | 0.992 (0.969–1.015) | ||
| Age (per year) | 1.037 (1.017–1.057)* | 1.035 (1.015–1.055)* | 1.027 (1.003–1.050)* | 1.035 (1.009–1.062)* | 1.095 (1.062–1.130)* | 1.088 (1.055–1.122)* | 1.088 (1.050–1.128) | 1.114 (1.064–1.165) | ||
| Stroke | 6.543 (1.830–23.389)* | 5.461 (1.491–20.001)* | 5.351 (1.452–19.716)* | 4.946 (1.286–19.025)* | 6.430 (1.257–32.888)* | 3.821 (1.405–10.390) | 2.640 (0.861–8.098)* | 2.536 (0.810–7.936) | 2.203 (0.623–7.788) | 1.496 (0.343–6.531) |
| MI | 3.775 (1.668–8.544)* | 2.896 (1.251–6.704)* | 2.806 (1.209–6.515)* | 1.933 (0.764–4.886) | 1.547 (0.582–4.108) | 2.016 (0.922–4.408) | 1.051 (0.443–2.492) | 1.006 (0.419–2.413) | 1.055 (0.390–2.850) | 0.882 (0.299–2.608) |
| Heart failure | 2.653 (1.280–5.495)* | 1.857 (0.866–3.983) | 1.738 (0.804–3.754) | 1.516 (0.655–3.511) | 1.280 (0.532–3.079) | 2.828 (1.364–5.861) | 1.397 (0.627–3.110) | 1.264 (0.560–2.850) | 1.079 (0.428–2.721) | 1.179 (0.436–3.186) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2.497 (1.102–5.656)* | 1.532 (0.642–3.660) | 1.447 (0.602–3.480) | 1.284 (0.493–3.345) | 1.176 (0.422–3.278) | 4.296 (1.912–9.653) | 1.647 (0.680–3.987) | 1.526 (0.619–3.760) | 1.453 (0.536–3.942) | 1.135 (0.385–3.348) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 2.559 (1.043–6.278)* | 2.045 (0.814–5.135) | 2.151 (0.836–5.534) | 1.732 (0.627–4.788) | 1.430 (0.462–4.427) | 2.111 (0.865–5.150) | 1.336 (0.501–3.561) | 1.271 (0.458–3.528) | 0.863 (0.282–2.640) | 0.681 (0.175–2.648) |
| Diabetes | 1.47 (0.821–2.632) | 1.049 (0.584–1.953) | 0.956 (0.506–1.805) | 0.780 (0.393–1.548) | 0.764 (0.366–1.594) | 2.407 (1.284–4.511)* | 1.307 (0.650–2.627) | 1.121 (0.545–2.305) | 0.873 (0.402–1.896) | 1.109 (0.481–2.561) |
| uPCR >70 mg/mmol | 1.254 (0.743–2.116) | 1.385 (0.804–2.386) | 1.208 (0.672–2.169) | 1.287 (0.686–2.415) | 1.649 (0.877–3.102) | 2.246 (1.248–4.041)* | 3.076 (1.563–6.054)* | 2.599 (1.253–5.391)* | 2.450 (1.128–5.323) | 2.244 (0.992–5.074) |
| Anaemia | 1.315 (0.791–2.184) | 1.078 (0.633–1.835) | 0.921 (0.520–1.625) | 0.836 (0.459–1.524) | 0.869 (0.471–1.601) | 2.713 (1.505–4.892)* | 1.931 (1.011–3.686) | 1.594 (0.806–3.155) | 1.651 (0.810–3.366) | 1.404 (0.655–3.008) |
| Psychodynamic medication | 1.914 (0.872–4.199) | 2.006 (0.889–4.527) | 1.972 (0.869–4.476) | 1.473 (0.602–3.605) | 1.391 (0.55–3.487) | 2.037 (0.904–4.592) | 2.443 (0.965–6.184) | 2.332 (0.905–6.008) | 2.572 (0.915–7.224) | 3.044 (0.990–9.362) |
| Fast progression (more than −3 mL/min/ year) | 0.589 (0.313–1.109) | 0.820 (0.418–1.608) | 0.730 (0.350–1.522) | 0.552 (0.250–1.218) | 1.406 (0.550–3.595) | 1.247 (0.481–3.234) | 0.954 (0.333–2.730) | |||
*
P ≤ 0.05. Psychodynamic medications included opiates, anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, antihistamines and neuropathic analgesic medications. Model 1 is adjusted for age, Model 2 is adjusted for age and eGFR and Model 3 is adjusted for all variables listed except fast progression. Model 4 is adjusted for all variables listed except eGFR. uPCR, urinary protein:creatinine ratio.