Figure 2.

Sharing of variants with sex-differentiated effects between traits. (A) Miami plot for female-only (top) and male-only (bottom) genome-wide association studies for cannabis use (ever): female cases: N = 17,244; male cases: N = 17,414. For each single nucleotide polymorphism, we computed z scores using Equation 1. (B) Matrix of the Pearson correlation coefficients for pairs of traits. We performed Pearson’s correlation of z scores and a block jackknife approach to estimate the significance of the correlation for all pairs of traits. The estimated significance of the coefficients is denoted as follows: ∗p < .05, ∗∗p < .01, ∗∗∗p < .001. Color coding represents positive (red) or negative (blue) correlation. ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; AFB, age at first birth; ALCC, alcohol use; ALCD, alcohol dependence; ANX, anxiety disorders; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; BD, bipolar disorder; CUE, cannabis use (ever); EA, educational attainment; INS, insomnia; MDD, major depressive disorder; MDDR, major depressive disorder recurrent; NEB, number of children ever born; NEU, neuroticism; OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; RTB, risk-taking behavior; SCZ, schizophrenia; SMKC, smoking (current); SMKP, smoking (previous).