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. 2021 May 29;42(7):5650–5661. doi: 10.1007/s12144-021-01885-3

Table 3.

Multiple regression to test the relative contribution of demographic and personality variables on stress, anxiety, loneliness and creativity measures

95% Confidence Interval Standardized coefficient t η2
Lower bound Upper bound beta
Stress .13
 Gender −0.92 0.12 −0.07 −1.50
 Pref. for solitude −0.54 −0.07 −0.13 −2.55**
 Extraversion −0.35 0.14 −0.04 −0.83
 Emotional stability −0.96 −0.51 −0.31 −6.46***
 Openness −0.33 0.11 −0.04 −1.01
Anxiety .30
 Gender −4.77 0.75 −0.06 −1.43
 Pref. for solitude −2.85 −0.32 −0.11 −2.47**
 Extraversion −1.73 0.86 −0.03 −0.66
 Emotional stability −7.89 −5.51 −0.48 −11.08***
 Openness −1.02 1.31 0.01 0.24
Loneliness .17
 Gender −0.22 0.57 0.04 0.85
 Pref. for solitude −0.79 −0.42 −0.32 −6.57***
 Extraversion −0.26 0.11 −0.04 −0.82
 Emotional stability −0.72 −0.38 −0.29 −6.29***
 Openness −0.13 0.21 0.02 0.48
Fluency .04
 Gender −1.17 0.04 −0.09 −1.83
 Pref. for solitude −0.13 0.43 0.06 1.06
 Extraversion −0.30 0.27 −0.00 −0.11
 Emotional stability −0.51 0.01 −0.09 −1.86
 Openness 0.03 0.54 0.11 2.19*
Perf. Insight Problems .005
 Gender −0.26 0.28 0.00 0.08
 Pref. for solitude −0.07 0.17 0.04 0.79
 Extraversion −0.14 0.11 −0.02 −0.28
 Emotional stability −0.06 0.17 0.05 0.89
 Openness −0.09 0.13 0.02 0.32
Perf. Insight RAT .03
 Gender −0.35 0.12 −0.05 −0.95
 Pref. for solitude 0.02 0.24 0.13 2.39*
 Extraversion −0.11 0.12 0.00 0.09
 Emotional stability −0.00 0.20 0.10 1.92
 Openness −0.15 0.05 −0.05 −0.98

Gender was added to the model as a first step (Model 1), and preference for solitude and personality dimensions were introduced in a second step (Model 2). Since gender introduced earlier was not significant, the final model considered is the full model

*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .0001