Figure 8.

Effect of e-cigarette vape (ECV) or tobacco cigarette smoking (TCS) exposure on left ventricular (LV) size and function. End-diastolic volume (EDV; A), end-systolic volume (ESV; B), heart rate (H; C), cardiac output (CO; D), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR; E) in mice exposed to TCS and ECV for 16, 24, 32, and 60 wk. Data are expressed as means ± SE of 5–7 mice in each group at each time of exposure. In TCS and ECV-24 groups, a trend to smaller LV chamber size was seen with 24 wk of exposure, but this decreased at 32 wk. At 60 wk, there was onset of LV dilation in the TCS group but not in any of the ECV groups. SVR progressively increased with exposure duration in TCS and ECV groups. ECV-0, ECV with 0 mg/mL NIC; ECV-6, 6 mg/mL NIC; ECV-24, 24 mg/mL NIC; NIC, nicotine. *Significant difference from air-exposed control at P < 0.05.