Response of Neblex3-knockout (KO) mice to an acute and chronic running regimens. Nebl, nebulette. A: total running distance and time during acute treadmill testing in Nebl+/+ (black circles), heterozygous Nebl+/ex3- (blue triangles) and Neblex3-/ex3- (red squares) mice. *P < 0.05, significant difference between age-matched groups. B and C: results of echocardiography in Neblex3-KO mice at baseline (12-wk-old), while sedentary or after 4-wk treadmill running (16-wk-old). B: representative 4-chamber echocardiographic images with outlined left atrium (LA). C: echocardiographic parameters demonstrating LA area (mm2), left ventricular (LV) volume (Vol, µl), dimentions of interventricular septum (IVS) at end-diastole (d) or end-systole (s), LV mass (g), and LV mass and body weight (LVM/BW) ratios. *P < 0.05, significant difference compared with age-matched stressed and sedentary Nebl+/+ or sedentary Neblex3-/ex3- groups.