The effect of BAPN and exercise on systemic hemodynamics. There was no difference in systolic, diastolic, mean arterial blood pressure, or pulse pressure in BAPN-treated mice as compared with BAPN-untreated mice. Exercise significantly increased the heart rate of BAPN-EX mice versus CONV mice. *P < 0.05 by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. n = 20 CONV, 4 EX, 8 BAPN-CONV, 5 BAPN-EX. BAPN, β-aminopropionitrile; BAPN-CONV, conventional cage activity; BAPN-EX, forced treadmill exercise.