Table 6.
Associated Factors to Sufficient Knowledge, Optimistic Attitudes and Good Practices Regarding COVID-19 Prevention (n=2769)
| Characteristics | Knowledge | Attitudes | Practices | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR† (95% CI‡) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | |
| Knowledge | ||||||
| Insufficient level | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Moderate level | 0.69 (0.25–1.90) | 0.475 | 0.71 (0.25–2.01) | 0.523 | ||
| Sufficient level | 1.28 (0.49–3.36) | 0.616 | 2.41 (0.91–6.36) | 0.076 | ||
| Attitude | ||||||
| Negative level | 1 | |||||
| Neutral level | 1.14 (0.48–2.74) | 0.765 | ||||
| Positive level | 3.63 (1.54–8.55) | 0.003* | ||||
| Age | ||||||
| 18–39 years | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 40–59 years | 0.51 (0.35–0.75) | 0.001* | 1.04 (0.83–1.31) | 0.721 | 0.66 (0.54–0.82) | <0.001* |
| ≥ 60 years | 0.48 (0.27–0.87) | 0.015* | 0.99 (0.68–1.44) | 0.947 | 0.81 (0.57–1.15) | 0.239 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Female | 1.38 (0.95–2.02) | 0.093 | 1.211 (0.99–1.472) | 0.055 | 1.09 (0.91–1.31) | 0.374 |
| Education level | ||||||
| ≤High school | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Vocational, school/college, University | 1.95 (1.27–3.02) | 0.002* | 1.28 (1.01–1.63) | 0.044* | 2.00 (1.60–2.49) | <0.001* |
| ≥ Post-graduate | 1.97 (1.39–2.63) | 0.996 | 1.09 (0.64–1.86) | 0.745 | 3.96 (2.27–6.89) | <0.001* |
| Current residence | ||||||
| Living alone | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Living with others | 0.71 (0.43–1.17) | 0.177 | 0.98 (0.77–1.25) | 0.877 | 1.00 (0.80–1.25) | 0.992 |
| Religion/religious belief | 1 | |||||
| Buddhism | 1.14 (0.75–1.73) | 0.534 | 0.75 (0.60–0.95) | 0.014* | 1.03 (0.84–1.28) | 0.763 |
| Christian | 0.78 (0.51–1.21) | 0.275 | 1.29 (1.01–1.65) | 0.044* | 1.10 (0.88–1.39) | 0.406 |
| Others | 0.81 (0.31–2.13) | 0.671 | 1.27 (0.63–2.57) | 0.508 | 1.06 (0.55–2.03) | 0.867 |
| None | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Living location | ||||||
| Rural | 0.57 (0.40–0.82) | 0.002* | 0.69 (0.55–0.86) | 0.001* | 0.93 (0.75–1.14) | 0.468 |
| Urban | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Occupation | ||||||
| Farmer | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Housewife | 0.75 (0.41–1.39) | 0.364 | 0.87 (0.56–1.36) | 0.546 | 0.63 (0.42–0.94) | 0.023* |
| Freelancer | 1.80 (0.97–3.34) | 0.064 | 0.84 (0.56–1.25) | 0.379 | 0.63 (0.44–0.91) | 0.013* |
| Worker | 1.05 (0.50–2.24) | 0.893 | 0.65 (0.40–1.05) | 0.077 | 0.59 (0.39–0.91) | 0.017* |
| Student | 1.63 (0.59–4.46) | 0.344 | 0.46 (0.29–0.75) | 0.002* | 0.65 (0.41–1.03) | 0.067 |
| Officer | 0.66 (0.34–1.29) | 0.226 | 0.40 (0.26–0.60) | <0.001* | 0.44 (0.30–0.66) | <0.001* |
| Retiree | 0.74 (0.32–1.70) | 0.481 | 0.46 (0.26–0.82) | 0.008* | 0.31 (0.17–0.54) | <0.001* |
| Businessman | 0.36 (0.18–0.71) | 0.003* | 0.56 (0.34–0.92) | 0.022* | 0.42 (0.27–0.68) | <0.001* |
| Number of sources of information about COVID-19 | 1.47 (1.31–1.66) | <0.001* | 1.08 (1.02–1.15) | 0.011* | 1.16 (1.14–1.27) | <0.001* |
| Frequency of visiting hospital (times/year) | ||||||
| 1–2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 3–6 | 2.12 (0.85–5.26) | 0.107 | 0.70 (0.46–1.06) | 0.093 | 1.84 (1.20–2.83) | 0.005* |
| 7–12 | 0.87 (0.58–1.28) | 0.468 | 0.63 (0.51–0.79) | <0.001* | 1.75 (1.41–2.17) | <0.001* |
| > 12 | 0.27 (0.09–0.88) | 0.003* | 0.86 (0.38–1.95) | 0.723 | 2.00 (1.04–3.84) | 0.037* |
| Place of visiting | ||||||
| Outpatient department | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Inpatient department | 6.99 (4.26–11.49) | <0.001* | 2.99 (2.31–3.86) | <0.001* | 0.29 (0.24–0.36) | <0.001* |
| Number of undergoing diseases | 0.83 (0.683–1.02) | 0.071 | 0.93 (0.81–1.06) | 0.280 | 0.86 (0.76–0.98) | 0.022* |
Notes: *p-value < 0.05. Definitions: Sufficient knowledge: ≥ 12 score. Positive attitude: ≥ 25 score. Good practice: ≥ 6 score.
Abbreviations: †OR, odds ratio; ‡95% CI, 95% confidence interval.