Fig. 1.

Nanoparticles preparation, characterization, subcellular localization and toxicity. (a) Schematic illustration of CNS. Synthesized CNS was well dispersed in water with bright yellow color. (b) TEM image, hydrodynamic diameter and XPS spectrums of CNS. (c) Subcellular localization of CNS in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). (d) Cell viability evaluation of CNS in BMMs at 24 h, 72 h, 96 h and 120 h (* among CNS groups, # among RANKL + CNS groups). The data in the figures represent the averages ± SD. Significant differences are indicated as */# (p < 0.05). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)