Table 5.

Principal nation-to-nation instances of co-authored science papers, 5000 papers or more, China and US: 2018 and comparison with co-authored papers in 1996 (1996 = 1.00)

Country pair	Papers 2018	1996 = 1.00	Country pair	Papers 2018	1996 = 1.00
China-US	55,382	26.10	US-China	55,382	26.10
China-UK	14,763	21.74	US-UK	28,616	4.06
China-Australia	13,138	46.42	US-Germany	23,616	3.44
China-Canada	9449	18.75	US-Canada	21,968	3.29
China-Germany	8206	14.03	US-France	15,422	3.42
China-Japan	8024	9.47	US-Australia	13,939	6.03
China-Singapore	5563	46.00	US-Italy	13,804	4.31
China-France	5472	19.83	US-Japan	11,533	2.00
			US-Spain	10,236	5.91
			US-Netherlands	9984	4.64
			US-South Korea	9761	5.73
			US-Switzerland	9403	4.03
			US-Brazil	8671	7.42
			US-India	8058	5.81
			US-Sweden	7034	4.07
			US-Belgium	5171	5.03

Articles listed on a whole count basis, not a weighted basis according to proportion of authorship; that is, each nation listed in authorship of a paper counts as one. Source: Author from NSB, 2020, Table S5A-33