Table 3.
Adjusted odds ratios for associations between moderately elevated bloods glucose and blood pressure, and primary and secondary outcomes with covariates
| Primary outcomes | Secondary outcomes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Perinatal death | Large for gestational age | Preterm birth | Cesarean delivery | Neonatal admission |
| Stage 1 hypertension SBP 130–139 mm Hg DBP 80–89 mm Hg |
2.68 (1.36–5.29) | 0.78 (0.53–1.14) | 0.87 (0.62–1.30) | 1.41 (0.93–2.14) | 0.93 (0.60–1.44) |
| Hyperglycemia GDM-range 5.1–6.9 mmol/L |
0.74 (0.26–2.07) | 1.34 (0.94–1.90) | 1.02 (0.65–1.62) | 1.65 (1.20–2.27) | 1.30 (0.85–1.97) |
| BMI 25–30 kg/m2a | 0.91 (0.52–1.60) | 2.01 (1.57–2.55) | 0.97 (0.75–1.26) | 1.74 (1.40–2.15) | 1.41 (1.03–1.94) |
| BMI >30 kg/m2a | 0.94 (0.50–1.79) | 2.30 (1.74–3.02) | 0.68 (0.49–0.93) | 2.75 (2.17–3.48) | 1.63 (1.16–2.30) |
| Maternal height | — | 1.03 (1.01–1.04) | — | 0.95 (0.94–0.97) | — |
| Maternal age | 0.95 (0.90–1.01) | 0.98 (0.96–1.01) | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 1.08 (1.05–1.10) | 1.00 (0.98–1.03) |
| Previous macrosomia | — | 2.46 (1.84–3.27) | — | — | — |
| Positive HIV status | 2.00 (0.70–5.70) | 0.79 (0.44–1.39) | — | — | — |
| Parity | 1.30 (1.06–1.59) | 0.99 (0.90–1.09) | — | 0.76 (0.70–0.82) | — |
| Study site (private vs public) | — | 1.04 (0.85–1.28) | — | — | 2.96 (2.25–3.88) |
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; SBP, systolic blood pressure.Milln. Moderate elevations in blood pressure or glucose and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Uganda. Am J Obstet Gynecol Glob Rep 2021.
a
Compared with normal BMI range (18–25 kg/m2).