TABLE 2.

Major clinical trials for gastric cancer

Trial	Year	Country	No. of patients	Subject	Intervention	Design	Endpoint	Result	Reference
MRC ST01	1999	UK	400	Stage I–III	D1 vs D2	Superiority	OS	Negative	15
Dutch D1/D2	1999	Netherlands	711	Adenocarcinoma, M0	D1 vs D2	Superiority	OS	Negative	16
JCOG9502	2006	Japan	503	Esophageal invasion ≥3 cm, M0	Abdominal vs left thoraco‐abdominal	Superiority	OS	Negative	20
JCOG9501	2008	Japan	523	T2b–4, M0, CY0	D2 vs D2 + PAND	Superiority	OS	Negative	17
JCOG0110	2017	Japan	503	T2‐4, M0, CY0, w/o GC invasion	Splenectomy vs spleen preservation	Noninferiority	OS	Positive	19
JCO1001	2018	Japan	1204	T3‐4, M0	Omentectomy vs bursectomy	Superiority	OS	Negative	21
KLASS01	2019	Korea	1416	cStage I	ODG vs LDG	Noninferiority	OS	Positive	27
JCO0912	2020	Japan	921	cStage I	ODG vs LDG	Noninferiority	RFS	Positive	26
CLASS01	2019	China	1056	cStage II–Iva	ODG vs LDG	Noninferiority	DFS	Positive	30
KALSS02	2020	Korea	1050	cStage II–Iva	ODG vs LDG	Noninferiority	RFS	Positive	31
STOMACH	2020	Netherlands	96	T1‐3, N0‐1, Mo	OTG vs LTG after NAC	Noninferiority	Extent of LN dissection	Positive	34

DFS, disease‐free survival; LDG, laparoscopic distal gastrectomy; LN, lymph node; LTG, laparoscopic total gastrectomy; NAC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy; ODG, open distal gastrectomy; OS, overall survival; OTG, open total gastrectomy; PAND, para‐aortic lymph node dissection; RFS, relapse‐free survival.