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. 2021 Jan 29;28(22):27712–27730. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-12178-w

Table 6.

Effects on emissions per value added and output, controlling for sector structure, excluding smallest observations (unweighted)

Dependent variable EIVA EID EI exports EI exports
Equation number (5) (6) (7) (8)
ln(income) − 0.854*** − 0.819*** − 0.733*** − 0.754***
(0.046) (0.020) (0.027) (0.014)
ln(income)2 0.002 0.013** 0.011 -
(0.012) (0.005) (0.007)
Rents coal 0.043** 0.038*** 0.022** 0.033***
(0.018) (0.008) (0.010) (0.004)
Rents oil 0.018 0.016*** 0.028*** 0.033***
(0.011) (0.005) (0.006) (0.004)
Rents gas − 0.007 − 0.019*** − 0.020*** − 0.020***
(0.013) (0.006) (0.007) (0.006)
Trade − 0.261 − 0.078 − 0.210*** − 0.355***
(0.168) (0.073) (0.075) (0.043)
Kyoto − 0.054 − 0.035** − 0.031* − 0.025*
(0.034) (0.015) (0.019) (0.013)
Country FE YES YES YES YES
Partner-year FE NO NO NO YES
Sector-year FE YES YES NO NO
Year FE NO NO YES NO
Weights NO NO NO NO
N 14,602 14,760 420 8070
R2 0.818 0.889 0.982 0.960
R2 within 0.033 0.132 0.719 0.299

Note: Standard errors in parentheses. */**/***: significant at 10/5/1%. All regressions are unweighted but the smallest 25% observations are removed