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. 2021 Feb 5;78(9):4069–4083. doi: 10.1007/s00018-021-03764-3

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Extracellular Heat Shock Proteins (eHSPs) activity in the tumor microenvironment (TME). eHSPs can interact with different receptors on endothelial cells and induce angiogenesis, on fibroblasts and on macrophages and, activate them in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) respectively. As a final result, eHSPs induce metastasis dissemination fuelling cancer progression