Table 4.
Subgroup analysis of the association between types of dinner companion and depression or suicidal ideation
| Variable | Depression |
Suicidal ideation |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of depression/no. of subtotals | OR (95% CI) of eating alone individuals compared with eating together | No. of suicidal ideation/no. of subtotals | OR (95% CI) of eating alone individuals compared with eating together | ||
| Age (y) | |||||
| 19–39 | 872/3,797 | 1.51 (1.22–1.87) | 172/3,797 | 1.62 (1.09–2.39) | |
| 40–64 | 1,107/6,491 | 1.39 (1.18–1.64) | 353/6,491 | 1.37 (1.04–1.79) | |
| ≥65 | 811/3,805 | 1.39 (1.12–1.74) | 389/3,805 | 1.58 (1.17–2.12) | |
| Sex | |||||
| Men | 820/5,826 | 1.55 (1.27–1.88) | 277/5,826 | 1.80 (1.32–2.46) | |
| Women | 1,970/8,267 | 1.37 (1.20–1.57) | 637/8,267 | 1.38 (1.11–1.71) | |
| Body mass index | |||||
| Underweight | 180/559 | 1.57 (0.95–2.56) | 57/559 | 0.94 (0.42–2.13) | |
| Normal | 1,701/8,719 | 1.45 (1.26–1.67) | 547/8,719 | 1.57 (1.26–1.96) | |
| Overweight | 900/4,772 | 1.33 (1.09–1.62) | 306/4,772 | 1.51 (1.11–2.06) | |
| Household income | |||||
| Lower half | 1,510/6,199 | 1.48 (1.27–1.74) | 622/6,199 | 1.49 (1.19–1.86) | |
| Upper half | 1,271/7,860 | 1.36 (1.16–1.59) | 289/7,860 | 1.49 (1.12–2.00) | |
| Education level | |||||
| Middle school or lower | 1,030/4,334 | 1.55 (1.28–1.86) | 492/4,334 | 1.51 (1.17–1.94) | |
| High school | 712/3,755 | 1.18 (0.95–1.47) | 201/3,755 | 1.23 (0.84–1.79) | |
| College or higher | 1,048/5,997 | 1.51 (1.26–1.80) | 219/5,997 | 1.78 (1.27–2.48) | |
| Alcohol | |||||
| Moderate drinking | 2,426/12,391 | 1.38 (1.23–1.56) | 788/12,391 | 1.47 (1.21–1.78) | |
| Problem drinking | 348/1,642 | 1.72 (1.30–2.29) | 119/1,642 | 1.75 (1.14–2.70) | |
| Smoking | |||||
| Never | 1,836/8,993 | 1.31 (1.15–1.50) | 573/8,993 | 1.47 (1.18–1.83) | |
| Ever | 935/5,032 | 1.66 (1.37–2.01) | 331/5,032 | 1.53 (1.14–2.07) | |
| Aerobic exercise | |||||
| No | 1,564/7,658 | 1.52 (1.31–1.77) | 555/7,658 | 1.69 (1.34–2.12) | |
| Yes | 1,212/6,389 | 1.30 (1.10–1.53) | 352/6,389 | 1.25 (0.94–1.65) | |
| Eating out frequency | |||||
| Rare | 945/4,009 | 1.61 (1.33–1.96) | 431/4,009 | 1.29 (0.97–1.70) | |
| More than once a week | 1,845/10,084 | 1.35 (1.18–1.54) | 483/10,084 | 1.65 (1.31–2.07) | |
| Living alone | |||||
| Yes | 479/1,655 | 1.34 (0.99–1.80) | 229/1,655 | 1.59 (1.01–2.50) | |
| No | 2,311/12,438 | 1.43 (1.27–1.61) | 685/12,438 | 1.48 (1.22–1.79) | |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.