Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population (N=94)
| N (%) | Mean | SD | Min. | P5 | P25 | P50 | P75 | P95 | Max. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (yrs) | 94 | 31.2 | 5.8 | 18.5 | 20.7 | 27.3 | 31.6 | 35.3 | 39.9 | 43.8 |
| Birthweight (kg) | 93 | 3.5 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 5.4 |
| Gestational age at birth (weeks) | 94 | 39.6 | 1.2 | 37.0 | 37.4 | 39.0 | 39.4 | 40.6 | 41.3 | 42.3 |
| Weight for length z-score | 94 | −0.3 | 1.2 | −3.4 | −2.4 | −1.0 | −0.1 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 2.1 |
| Age at exam (weeks) | 94 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 5.7 | 9.3 |
| Gestational age at urine | ||||||||||
| collection (weeks) | 94 | 20.8 | 3.3 | 14.7 | 16.2 | 18.9 | 20.0 | 23.1 | 27.1 | 28.9 |
| Time of urine collection (hours) | 93 | 11.9 | 2.8 | 6.0 | 8.6 | 9.5 | 11.2 | 14.9 | 16.2 | 17.0 |
| AGD-AF | 45 | 16.3 | 2.8 | 10.8 | 12.5 | 14.6 | 15.8 | 18.2 | 21.2 | 22.9 |
| AGD-AC | 45 | 37.3 | 2.5 | 31.6 | 33.2 | 35.4 | 37.8 | 39.2 | 41.4 | 41.8 |
| AGD-AS | 49 | 25.2 | 4.3 | 16.1 | 18.7 | 22.3 | 24.8 | 27.2 | 32.9 | 38.4 |
| AGD-AP | 49 | 49.7 | 5.0 | 41.9 | 42.6 | 46.1 | 49.3 | 51.9 | 59.0 | 65.4 |
| Infant sex | ||||||||||
| Female | 45 (47.9) | |||||||||
| Male | 49 (52.1) | |||||||||
| Infant race | ||||||||||
| Black or African-American | 18 (19.1) | |||||||||
| Other | 13 (13.8) | |||||||||
| White | 63 (67.0) | |||||||||
| Study center | ||||||||||
| UCSF | 20 (21.3) | |||||||||
| UMN | 25 (26.6) | |||||||||
| UR | 32 (34.0) | |||||||||
| UW | 17 (18.1) | |||||||||
| Urine collection season | ||||||||||
| Winter | 21 (22.3) | |||||||||
| Spring | 30 (31.9) | |||||||||
| Summer | 22 (23.4) | |||||||||
| Autumn | 21 (22.3) | |||||||||
| Maternal smoking | ||||||||||
| No | 80 (85.1) | |||||||||
| Yes | 10 (10.6) | |||||||||
| Maternal alcohol use | ||||||||||
| No | 88 (93.6) | |||||||||
| Yes | 2 (2.1) | |||||||||
| Maternal Education | ||||||||||
| Less than college degree | 27 (28.7) | |||||||||
| College degree or more | 67 (71.3) |
P, percentile; Min, minimum; Max., maximum; UCSF, University of California San Francisco; URMC, University of Rochester Medical Center; UW, University of Washington. Missing data: one observation (time of urine collection); four observations (maternal smoking) and four observations (alcohol use).