Table 4.

Blood parameters and coagulation factors of COVID-19 patients are compared before and after treatment in the non-ICU group and in the survivors of ICU group, respectively

COVID-19	Normal range	Non-ICU (n = 252)p1			ICU survivor (n = 119)p2
		Before treatment	After treatment	p1	Before treatment	After treatment	p2
Blood cell counts
White blood cells, × 109/L	3.5–9.5	6.1 (4.7–7.5)	6.3 (5.3–7.4)	0.019	7.0 (4.9–10.1)	7.0 (5.0–9.3)	0.706
Neutrophils, × 109/L	1.8–6.3	4.3 (2.9–5.9)	5.0 (3.8–6.1)	0.001	5.1 (3.4–7.8)	4.5 (2.9–6.8)	0.031
Lymphocytes, × 109/L	1.1–3.2	1.1 (0.8–1.6)	1.5 (1.1–1.8)	< 0.0001	0.8 (0.5–1.3)	1.4 (1.0–1.9)	< 0.0001
Monocytes, × 109/L	0.1–0.6	0.5 (0.3–0.6)	0.5 (0.4–0.6)	0.069	0.4 (0.3–0.6)	0.5 (0.4–0.7)	0.008
Red blood cells, × 1012/L	4.3–5.8	4.3 (3.9–4.6)	4.3 (4.0–4.7)	0.136	3.5 (2.9–4.1)	3.5 (2.8–4.2)	0.569
Hemoglobin, g/L	130–175	128.0 (115.3–140.0)	136.0 (121.3–146.0)	< 0.0001	108.0 (88.0–125.0)	97.0 (81.0–121.0)	0.010
Hematocrit, %	40–50	37.8 (34.6–40.9)	39.4 (36.1–42.5)	< 0.0001	32.5 (26.5–37.2)	31.0 (25.8–37.4)	0.365
Platelet, × 109/L	125–350	201.0 (152.0–260.0)	239.5 (190.0–283.0)	< 0.0001	197.0 (140.0–276.0)	189.0 (135.0–274.0)	0.567
Mean platelet volume, fL	7.4–12.5	10.5 (9.7–11.2)	10.6 (10.2–11.4)	0.058	10.7 (10.2–11.5)	10.6 (10.0–11.7)	0.074
Coagulation panel
Prothrombin time, s	9–13	13.4 (12.6–14.0)	12.7 (11.8–13.7)	< 0.0001	12.7 (11.7–13.9)	12.5 (11.6–14.0)	0.613
INR	0.8–1.2	1.1 (1.0–1.1)	1.1 (1.0–1.2)	0.300	1.1 (1.0–1.2)	1.1 (1.0–1.2)	0.007
aPTT, s	23.3–32.5	30.1 (28.1–31.5)	29.9 (27.8–31.5)	0.621	30.7 (28.0–35.3)	32.4 (28.5–38.4)	0.079
Thrombin time, s	14–21	15.9 (15.0–17.0)	15.6 (14.4–16.6)	0.082	17.1 (16.3–18.2)	17.5 (16.3–19.4)	0.343
Fibrinogen, g/L	2–4	3.5 (2.6–4.3)	3.7 (3.2–4.3)	< 0.001	4.2 (3.4–5.4)	3.0 (2.4–3.8)	< 0.001
D-dimer, mg/L	< 0.55	0.6 (0.2–1.2)	0.5 (0.2–0.8)	< 0.0001	2.2 (0.8–5.2)	1.6 (0.8–3.8)	0.160