Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the MIMIC-IV and ZS cohorts.
| MIMIC-IV cohort | Zhongshan hospital cohort | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Success (n = 13,433) | Failure (n = 2,756) | P-value | Success (n = 451) | Failure (n = 51) | P-value | |
| Age | 64 (16) | 68 (15) | <0.001 | 60 (13) | 63 (12) | 0.073 |
| BMI | 30 (7) | 30 (9) | <0.001 | 24 (12) | 26 (4) | 0.135 |
| Strokes, n (%) | 968 (7) | 543 (20) | <0.001 | 23 (5) | 7 (14) | 0.024 |
| Heart rate (/min) | 83 (15) | 88 (18) | <0.001 | 85 (14) | 95 (20) | 0.002 |
| Respiratory rate (/min) | 18 (4) | 20 (5) | <0.001 | 20 (8) | 23 (6) | <0.001 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 79 (12) | 76 (15) | <0.001 | 81 (10) | 80 (15) | 0.508 |
| SpO2 (%), median [Q1,Q3] | 99 [97,100] | 98 [96,99] | <0.001 | 99 [98,100] | 99 [97,100] | 0.433 |
| Temperature (°C) | 37.0 (0.6) | 37.1 (0.9) | <0.001 | 36.8 (0.6) | 36.9 (0.7) | 0.183 |
| pH | 7.39 (0.05) | 7.36 (0.11) | <0.001 | 7.41 (0.04) | 7.44 (0.03) | 0.197 |
| CVP (mmHg) | 10 (4) | 12 (5) | <0.001 | 11 (2) | 12 (3) | 0.125 |
| Tidal volume (mL/kg), median [Q1,Q3] | 5.8 [4.7,7.1] | 5.6 [4.4,6.9] | <0.001 | 7.2 [6.3,8.5] | 6.9 [5.5,8.2] | 0.557 |
| PEEP (cmH2O) | 4.6 (1.7) | 6.0 (3.0) | <0.001 | 5 (0.0) | 5 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Mean airway pressure (cmH2O) | 7.3 (2.2) | 9.3 (4.1) | <0.001 | 7.1 (0.7) | 7.4 (0.8) | 0.017 |
| PSV Level (cmH2O), median [Q1,Q3] | 5.0 [5.0,5.0] | 5.0 [5.0,7.5] | <0.001 | 5 [5.0, 5.0] | 5 [5.0, 5.0] | 1.000 |
| MV durations (h), median [Q1,Q3] | 15.9 [7.2,37.0] | 36.9 [15.0,89.6] | <0.001 | 16.0 [13.0,20.0] | 36.0 [16.8,61.0] | <0.001 |
| SBT success times, n (%) | ||||||
| 0 | 7,803 (58) | 1,677 (61) | <0.001 | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 3,645 (27) | 531 (19) | 449 (100) | 45 (88) | ||
| 2 | 1,025 (8) | 230 (8) | 2 (0) | 4 (8) | ||
| ≥3 | 960 (7) | 318 (12) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (4) | ||
| Urine output (mL/kg/h), median [Q1,Q3] | 0.9 [0.6,1.5] | 0.7 [0.3,1.2] | <0.001 | 1.5 [1.2,1.9] | 1.4 [1.1,1.6] | 0.024 |
| Antibiotic types, n (%) | ||||||
| 0 | 10,288 (77) | 1,764 (64) | <0.001 | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 1.000 |
| 1 | 2,192 (16) | 428 (16) | 451 (100) | 51 (100) | ||
| 2 | 752 (6) | 334 (12) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | ||
| 3 | 169 (1) | 169 (6) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | ||
| ≥4 | 32 (0) | 61 (2) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | ||
| Failure type, n (%) | ||||||
| Death | / | 1,504 (55) | / | 4 (8) | ||
| NIV | / | 411 (15) | / | 43 (84) | ||
| Reintubation | / | 902 (33) | / | 14 (27) | ||
Values are presented as mean (SD) if not otherwise specified. MIMIC-IV, Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV; ZS, Zhongshan; BMI, body mass index; MAP, mean arterial pressure; SpO2, peripheral oxygen saturation; CVP, central venous pressure; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; PSV, pressure support ventilation; MV, mechanical ventilation; SBT, spontaneous breathing trial; NIV, non-invasive ventilation.