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. 2021 May 17;15:644776. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2021.644776

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Copyright © 2021 Carmichael, Evans, Lopez, Sun, Kumar, Ding, Khaliq and Cai.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Distinct electrophysiology, connectivity, and functionality of ALDH1A1⁺ nDANs. (A) Rebound activity of ALDH1A1⁺ nDANs following dSPN inhibition. (B) Major inhibitory and excitatory presynaptic inputs to the ALDH1A1⁺ nDANs. (C) A critical involvement of ALDH1A1⁺ nDANs in regulating the vigor of movement during the acquisition of motor skills.