Table 3.
Bivariate Analysis of Potential Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients With RA.
| Characteristics | Survivor (n = 26) | Nonsurvivor (n = 23) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Admission days | 6.0 (3.0-10.0) | 4.0 (1.0-14.0) | .451 |
| AF | 5 (20.0) | 11 (47.8) | .041 |
| Age | 66.27 ± 7.49 | 68.35 ± 10.59 | .428 |
| APACHE II | 18.12 ± 5.689 | 25.04 ± 6.846 | .0001 |
| bDMARD therapy | 4 (15.4) | 3 (13.0) | .815 |
| COPD | 2 (7.7) | 5 (21.7) | .161 |
| Coronary heart disease | 7 (26.9) | 5 (21.7) | .674 |
| CRP | 212.02 ± 104.81 | 244.04 ± 135.48 | .382 |
| csDMARD therapy (any) | 11 (42.3) | 10 (43.5) | .934 |
| Female gender | 16 (61.5) | 15 (65.2) | .790 |
| Glucocorticoid therapy | 19 (73.1) | 13 (56.6) | .224 |
| Heart failure | 13 (54.2) | 11 (45.8) | .773 |
| HFpEF | 9 (36.0) | 5 (23.8) | .371 |
| HFrEF | 4 (16.0) | 6 (28.6) | .303 |
| Hypertension | 16 (64.0) | 8 (34.8) | .043 |
| IL-6 | 388.6 (191.0-3752.50) | 757.5 (341.575-1000.0) | .527 |
| Lactate | 2.644 ± 1.4672 | 4.752 ± 3.1181 | .004 |
| Methotrexate | 10 (38.5) | 7 (30.4) | .556 |
| PCT | 1.345 (0.38-17.3975) | 8.08 (1.53-47.9825) | .115 |
| PLT | 247.44 ± 144.296 | 145.91 ± 139.133 | .017 |
| Renal failurea | 8 (32.0) | 19 (82.6) | .0001 |
| RRT | 1 (3.8) | 11 (47.8) | .0001 |
| SAPS II | 37.56 ± 13.301 | 52.74 ± 14.344 | .0001 |
| Septic shock (SEPSIS-3) | 11 (44.0) | 21 (91.3) | .001 |
| SOFA | 5.52 ± 2.220 | 9.13 ± 3.817 | .0001 |
| T2DM | 2 (8.0) | 6 (26.1) | .093 |
| Vasopressor use | 16 (64.0) | 22 (95.7) | .007 |
| Ventilation | 15 (57.7) | 19 (82.6) | .059 |
| WBC | 11.2 (7.875-16.025) | 15.85 (2.375-24.875) | .600 |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; bDMARD, biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; CI, confidence interval; csDMARD, conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; heart failure, HFrEF+HFpEF; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; IL-6, interleukin-6; PCT, procalcitonin; PLT, platelets; RRT, renal replacement therapy; SAPS II, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; septic shock (SEPSIS-3), septic shock according to the Third International Consensus Definition for Sepsis and Septic Shock28; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; T2DM, type 2 diabetes; WBC, white blood cells.
a At least acute kidney injury (AKI) stage 1, following the definition of the Guidelines for AKI of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO).27