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. 2021 May 31;19:77. doi: 10.1186/s12958-021-00765-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Effect of metformin on AR expression in Ishikawa cells and HESCs examined by western blotting. Representative images show AR expression by western blotting in Ishikawa cells and HESCs in the upper panel. Mouse testicular lysate was used as a positive control, and no primary AR antibody was added in the negative control. Graphs in the lower panel show the relative densitometric units (AR/GAPDH). The value in each column is the relative ratio when the control (without both testosterone and metformin) was set at 1.0. Three independent experiments showed the same results. AR, androgen receptor; HESCs, human endometrial stromal cells; N.C., negative control; P.C., positive control