Table 1. Sequences of real-time PCR primers.

Gene	Forward primer (5′–3′)	Reverse primer (5′–3′)
NLRP3	GAGCTGGACCTCAGTGACAATGC	ACCAATGCGAGATCCTGACAACAC
ASC	AGAGTCTGGAGCTGTGGCTACTG	ATGAGTGCTTGCCTGTGTTGGTC
Caspase-1	ATGGCCGACAAGGTCCTGAGG	GTGACATGATCGCACAGGTCTCG
TGF-β1	CAGAGAAGAACTGCTGTGTACGG	CAGACAGAAGTTGGCATGGTAGC
SMAD2	CCAGGTCTCTTGATGGTCGT	TGATAAACGGCCTCAAAACC
β-actin	TCCCTGTATGCCTCTGGTCG	GTGGTGGTGAAGCTGTAGCC

Notes.

NLRP3

the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3

ASC

apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase activation recruitment domain

TGF-β1

transforming growth factor-β1