Table 1.
Comparison of measured parameters (mean±standard deviation) between sham and OVX groups. Significantly different parameters between sham and OVX groups are highlighted in bold (p<0.05). Var: within-specimen variance, heterogeneity.
| Parameters | sham | OVX | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Volumetric | BV (mm3) | 354.470±38.271 | 325.143±23.213 | 0.012 | |
| TV (mm3) | 508.259±32.689 | 501.825±29.235 | 0.547 | ||
| BV/TV | 0.698±0.064 | 0.648±0.020 | 0.005 | ||
| BVCB (mm3) | 273.720±34.937 | 257.477±19.623 | 0.108 | ||
| BVTB (mm3) | 80.750±7.327 | 67.666±6.831 | 0.001 | ||
| Mineral Density | TMC (mg HA) | 533.580±70.226 | 464.748±32.114 | 0.001 | |
| BMD (mg HA/cm3) | 1050.334±126.482 | 925.918±28.058 | 0.001 | ||
| Mean (mg HA/cm3) | 1502.244±52.102 | 1429.209±9.998 | 0.001 | ||
| SD (mg HA/cm3) | 119.738±22.575 | 98.821±4.446 | 0.001 | ||
| COV | 0.079±0.012 | 0.069±0.003 | 0.003 | ||
| Low5 (mg HA/cm3) | 1296.442±23.095 | 1254.363±11.298 | 0.001 | ||
| High5 (mg HA/cm3) | 1672.154±86.215 | 1564.623±14.133 | 0.001 | ||
| MeanCB (mg HA/ cm3) | 1531.334±55.486 | 1454.175±9.931 | 0.001 | ||
| SDCB (mg HA/ cm3) | 112.378±24.170 | 88.630±4.381 | 0.001 | ||
| COVCB | 0.073±0.013 | 0.061±0.003 | 0.001 | ||
| Low5CB (mg HA/cm3) | 1315.444±24.533 | 1281.287±13.521 | 0.001 | ||
| High5CB (mg HA/cm3) | 1678.632±86.971 | 1569.751±14.251 | 0.001 | ||
| MeanTB (mg HA/ cm3) | 1403.102±33.124 | 1336.105±12.643 | 0.001 | ||
| SDTB (mg HA/ cm3) | 83.502±6.864 | 76.974±3.790 | 0.002 | ||
| COVTB | 0.059±0.004 | 0.058±0.003 | 0.141 | ||
| Low5TB (mg HA/cm3) | 1272.258±30.482 | 1214.363±14.668 | 0.001 | ||
| High5TB (mg HA/cm3) | 1545.189±45.187 | 1465.647±12.876 | 0.001 | ||
| Morphology | Length (mm) | 36.383±0.674 | 36.676±1.224 | 0.377 | |
| BV55 (mm3) | 8.574±0.789 | 8.394±0.474 | 0.432 | ||
| TV55 (mm3) | 13.594±1.006 | 13.476±0.757 | 0.701 | ||
| Ct.Th (mm) | 0.710±0.072 | 0.705±0.037 | 0.836 | ||
| DAP_outer (mm) | 3.171±0.129 | 3.179±0.092 | 0.831 | ||
| DML_outer (mm) | 3.993±0.179 | 3.974±0.125 | 0.730 | ||
| AP/ML | 0.795±0.023 | 0.800±0.014 | 0.411 | ||
| DAP_inner (mm) | 1.837±0.245 | 1.855±0.144 | 0.801 | ||
| DML_inner (mm) | 2.495±0.284 | 2.487±0.161 | 0.924 | ||
| Imax (mm4) | 8.541±1.245 | 8.229±0.786 | 0.353 | ||
| Imin (mm4) | 5.687±0.741 | 5.644±0.616 | 0.853 | ||
| Periosteal Perimeter55 (mm) | 12.080±0.449 | 12.011±0.331 | 0.618 | ||
| Endosteal Perimeter55 (mm) | 8.789±0.601 | 8.861±0.361 | 0.654 | ||
| BV/TVTB | 0.299±0.17 | 0.069±0.051 | 0.001 | ||
| BS/BV (mm−1) | 31.872±4.965 | 43.336±5.191 | 0.001 | ||
| Tb.N (mm−1) | 2.453±1.278 | 0.670±0.478 | 0.001 | ||
| Tb.Th (mm) | 0.118±0.011 | 0.096±0.008 | 0.001 | ||
| Tb.Sp (mm) | 0.303±0.178 | 0.552±0.157 | 0.001 | ||
| DMA | K* (N/mm) | 517.644±38.899 | 538.723±28.82 | 0.068 | |
| K′ (N/mm) | 517.499±38.905 | 538.602±29.599 | 0.068 | ||
| K′′ (N/mm) | 11.839±2.378 | 11.098±1.789 | 0.285 | ||
| tan δ | 0.023±0.005 | 0.021±0.003 | 0.073 | ||
| Static Mechanical | W (Nmm) | 0.002±0.001 | 0.001±0.001 | 0.093 | |
| K (N/mm) | 529.114±75.33 | 555.026±52.427 | 0.226 | ||
| Fmax (N) | 144.804±24.857 | 131.814±21.511 | 0.094 | ||
| dmax (mm) | 0.374±0.072 | 0.316±0.072 | 0.019 | ||
| U (Nmm) | 43.341±40.72 | 26.915±14.984 | 0.108 | ||
| Nano-indentation | Eb (GPa) | Mean | 20.693±4.586 | 19.949±3.953 | 0.524 |
| Var | 11.228 | 10.009 | 0.135 | ||
| H (GPa) | Mean | 0.735±0.158 | 0.722±0.136 | 0.632 | |
| Var | 0.018 | 0.016 | 0.166 | ||
| η (GPa·S) | Mean | 46475.28±14095.79 | 45003.7±11100.94 | 0.579 | |
| Var | 1.37E+08 | 1.03E+08 | 0.001 | ||
| Creep/Pmax (nm/mN) | Mean | 8.723±3.412 | 8.597±2.606 | 0.725 | |
| Var | 7.470 | 5.996 | 0.004 | ||
| tan δ | Mean | 0.048±0.028 | 0.046±0.021 | 0.557 | |
| Var | 0.000539 | 0.000409 | 0.001 | ||