Table 3.

Effects of the green cardamom on inflammatory factors and genes

Genes	Intervention (n = 99)		P1	Control (n = 95)		P1	P2	P3
	Before	After		Before	After
TNF-α, pg/mL	7.34 ± 0.84	5.52 ± 1.00	< 0.001	6.62 ± 0.51	6.58 ± 1.58	0.456	0.001	< 0.001
IL-6, pg/mL	2.65 ± 1.61	1.53 ± 1.29	< 0.001	2.28 ± 1.41	2.17 ± 1.42	0.76	0.007	< 0.001
hs-CRP, mg/mL	1.56 ± 0.2	1.41 ± 0.39	< 0.001	1.50 ± 0.18	1.51 ± 0.18	1	0.673	0.139
TNF-α	6.76 ± 4.47	4.16 ± 5.75	< 0.001	5.6 ± 11	5.42 ± 5.06	0.07	< 0.001	0.071
IL-6r	10.39 ± 11.51	9.88 ± 10.46	0.657	10.54 ± 12.39	10.38 ± 8.44	0.886	0.857	0.17
CRP	10.6 ± 13.3	4.1 ± 4.36	0.044	8.91 ± 13.09	8.58 ± 8.61	0.203	0.335	0.001

P1: P values denote significance of within-group changes

P2: P values denote significance of between-group difference in the baseline

P3: P values denote significance of between-group difference after intervention

*All presented values are means ± SD

*Significant difference within group throughout the study (P < 0.05, Wilcoxon)

*Significant difference between groups throughout the study (P < 0.05, U Mann–Whitney)