Table 1.
Patients’ basic characteristics.
| Demographics | |
|---|---|
| Male | 135 (71) |
| Age, years | 37.5 ± 13.2 |
| Site of nonunion | |
| Femur | 41 (22) |
| Humerus | 8 (4) |
| Tibia | 140 (74) |
| Primary injury | |
| Traffic accidents | 95 (50) |
| Falls | 51 (27) |
| Other crush injuries | 43 (23) |
| Type of initial fracture | |
| Open | 105 (56) |
| Closed | 72 (38) |
| Combined | 12 (6) |
| Primary fixation | |
| External fixation | 61 (32) |
| Internal fixation | 128 (68) |
| Type of bacteria | |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 57 (30) |
| Klebsiella | 13 (7) |
| Escherichia coli | 19 (10) |
| Mixed | 20 (11) |
| Negative | 80 (42) |
| Length of bone defect, cm | 6.1 ± 1.5 |
| Number of surgeries | 3.3 ± 1.2 |
| Smoker | 52 (28) |
| Diabetes | 6 (3) |
Data are presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation.