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Tobacco smoke exposure increased NF-κB pathway activity. Tobacco smoke effectively elevated the expression of p65, p50, and p-IKKα/β and decreased the expression of IκBα. **P < 0.01, compared with FA.
p-IKKα/β, phosphorylated inhibitor of kappa-B kinase alpha/beta; IκBα, inhibitor of kappa-B alpha; FA, filtered air; TS, tobacco smoke N-p50, nuclear p50; N-p65, nuclear p65; C-p50, cytoplasmic p50; C-p65, cytoplasmic p65.
