TABLE 3.

Mixed-methods studies measuring dietary acculturation among East Asian immigrant populations

Author(s), year (reference)	Country	Study design	Population	Sample size	Dietary acculturation measure(s)	Primary findings relating to dietary acculturation
Lane et al., 2019 (40)	Canada	Mixed-methods, cross-sectional	Immigrants and refugees and their children, with 49.3% originating from Asia and living in Canada for <5 y	322	Open-ended questions to better understand newcomer family dietary practices and dietary changes experienced in Canada	Difficulty maintaining a traditional diet for their family in the midst of a busy schedule and their children's demands to eat more fast foods and sugar-sweetened beverages
Wu and Smith, 2016 (52)	United States	Mixed-methods, cross-sectional	Chinese international students	43	Open-ended questions examples:(1) “Please describe your typical meal pattern in China before coming to the USA.”(2) “Please describe your typical meal patterns since coming to the USA.”	Most participants believed that their diets had changed since moving, but many had tried “American” food beforeBreakfast was the first meal to change to Western for males, while females consumed a Western lunch more oftenSnack foods consumed were also mostly WesternAmerican friends also played an important role in exposing Chinese students to American cuisine, thus accelerating their dietary acculturation