Table 3.
Predictors for progression of tricuspid regurgitation
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| RV Dilatation | 2.49 (1.84–3.36) | < 0.001 | 2.04 (1.27–3.29) | 0.003 |
| RVF Reduction | 1.66 (1.22–2.27) | 0.001 | 0.97 (0.60–1.56) | 0.890 |
| Pre-existing TR (moderate) | 2.08 (1.41–3.06) | < 0.001 | 4.30 (2.51–7.38) | < 0.001 |
| Age ≥ 80 | 1.11 (0.79–1.54) | 0.551 | ||
| Female sex | 1.39 (1.06–1.83) | 0.018 | 1.68 (1.16–2.43) | 0.006 |
| Single RV lead | 1.62 (1.18–2.21) | 0.003 | 1.67 (1.09–2.56) | 0.018 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.36 (1.03–1.79) | 0.031 | 0.98 (0.49–1.94) | 0.950 |
| Heart failure | 1.68 (1.28–2.21) | < 0.001 | 1.39 (0.88–2.19) | 0.159 |
| Diabetes | 0.99 (0.73–1.35) | 0.966 | ||
| Any atherosclerosis | 1.28 (0.96–1.71) | 0.099 | 1.13 (0.56–2.28) | 0.726 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.58 (1.20–2.09) | 0.001 | 1.15 (0.78–1.69) | 0.474 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1.35 (1.003–1.81) | 0.048 | 1.04 (0.71–1.54) | 0.831 |
| Endocarditis | 1.48 (0.93–2.38) | 0.101 | ||
| Mitral regurgitation (moderate or severe) | 2.22 (1.63–3.02) | < 0.001 | 2.08 (1.42–3.05) | < 0.001 |
| sPAP ≥ 56 mmHg | 2.16 (1.47–3.15) | < 0.001 | 1.18 (0.69–2.05) | 0.546 |
| LVEDD ≥ 25 mm/m2 | 1.33 (1.01–1.75) | 0.04 | 1.09 (0.75–1.57) | 0.663 |
| LA ≥ 70 mm | 2.30 (1.69–3.13) | < 0.001 | 1.98 (1.07–3.67) | 0.030 |
| RA ≥ 70 mm | 2.03 (1.47–2.82) | < 0.001 | 0.75 (0.38–1.46) | 0.396 |
List of parameters included in the uni- and multivariate regression. All echocardiographic parameters were obtained from the echocardiographic study before pacemaker implantation. Parameters were included in the multivariate regression model with a P value < 0.10 in the univariate regression
CI confidence interval, LA left atrium, LVEDD left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, OR odds ratio, RA right atrium, RV right ventricle, RVF right ventricular function, sPAP systolic pulmonary artery pressure, TR tricuspid regurgitation