Table 4.

COX regression identifying predictors for mortality

	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
RV Dilatation	1.58 (1.27–1.96)	< 0.001	0.95 (0.67–1.33)	0.747
RVF Reduction	1.58 (1.25–2.00)	< 0.001	1.14 (0.83–1.57)	0.413
Pre-existing TR (moderate)	1.34 (1.07–1.67)	0.01	1.30 (0.94–1.81)	0.116
Lead-associated TR progression	1.44 (1.17–1.78)	0.001	1.38 (1.04–1.84)	0.028
Age ≥ 80	2.78 (2.23–3.47)	< 0.001	2.84 (2.17–3.71)	< 0.001
Female sex	0.87 (0.71–1.08)	0.202
Single RV lead	1.26 (0.99–1.60)	0.061	1.27 (0.96–1.69)	0.093
Coronary artery disease	1.10 (0.90–1.36)	0.35
Heart failure	1.38 (1.12–1.69)	0.002	1.75 (1.31–2.33)	< 0.001
Diabetes	1.13 (0.90–1.41)	0.289
Any atherosclerosis	0.99 (0.80–1.23)	0.944
Atrial fibrillation	0.92 (0.75–1.12)	0.392
Chronic kidney disease	1.55 (1.25–1.92)	< 0.001	1.62 (1.25–2.11)	< 0.001
Endocarditis	0.67 (0.44–1.02)	0.061	1.10 (0.61–1.99)	0.749
Mitral regurgitation (moderate or severe)	1.90 (1.51–2.37)	< 0.001	1.34 (1.02–1.77)	0.034
sPAP ≥ 56 mmHg	0.95 (0.68–1.32)	0.736
LVEDD ≥ 25 mm/m2	1.59 (1.29–1.96)	< 0.001	1.29 (0.997–1.67)	0.053
LA ≥ 70 mm	1.21 (0.96–1.52)	0.108
RA ≥ 70 mm	1.23 (0.97–1.56)	0.09	0.84 (0.60–1.18)	0.308
TR-Vmax ≥ 3.5 m/s	1.55 (1.18–2.05)	0.002	0.99 (0.65–1.49)	0.945

List of parameters included in the uni- and multivariate COX regression. All echocardiographic parameters were obtained from the echocardiographic study before pacemaker implantation. Parameters were included in the multivariate COX regression with a P value < 0.10 in the univariate COX regression

CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, LA left atrium, LVEDD left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, RA right atrium, RV right ventricle, RVF right ventricular function, sPAP systolic pulmonary artery pressure, TR tricuspid regurgitation