TABLE 2.
Clinical response of patients with epilepsy after tolerance induction
| ID | Sex/Age | Diagnosis | Combined AED | Idiosyncratic skin rash a (days after LMT) | LMT level at 1st FU | Skin rash beyond 1st FU (days after LMT) | Rash type/BSA(%) b | Potential triggering factor | LMT discontinuation related to rash (daily dose at rash) | Follow‐up with LMT (months) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | F/45 | Lt. OLE | + (14 d) | 6.9 | − | Maculopapular/18 | (−) | +(100 mg bid) | 0.5 | |
| 2 | M/20 | IGE | + (17 d) | N/A | − | Maculopapular/>95 | Propranolol c | +(100 mg bid) | 0.5 | |
| 3 | F/62 | Rt. TLE | − | 4.2 | + (19 d) | Maculopapular/41 | (−) | +(150 mg bid) | 0.5 | |
| 4 | F/31 | Bilat. TLE | − | 9.4 | + (24 d) | Maculopapular/91 | Roxithromycin d | +(100 mg bid) | 0.5 | |
| 5 | F/44 | Lt. TLE | − | 5.2 | + (37 d) | Maculopapular/6 | Celecoxib e | +(100 mg bid) | 1 | |
| 6 | F/56 | Lt. TLE | − | 5.1 | − | − | 8 | |||
| 7 | F/71 | Lt. TLE | − | 4.1 | − | − | 8 | |||
| 8 | M/31 | Lt. TLE | − | 0.3 | − | − | 8 | |||
| 9 | M/60 | Lt. TLE | − | N/A | − | − | 8 | |||
| 10 | F/36 | Rt. TLE | − | N/A | − | − | 8 | |||
| 11 | F/24 | IGE | LEV | − | N/A | − | − | 8 | ||
| 12 | M/34 | Lt. TLE | − | N/A | − | − | 8 | |||
| 13 | F/23 | Lt. TLE | − | 4.7 | − | − | 9 | |||
| 14 | F/29 | Rt. TLE | − | 4.6 | − | − | 9 | |||
| 15 | M/32 | Lt. FTLE | LEV | − | N/A | − | − | 18 | ||
| 16 | F/59 | Lt. OLE | − | 2.1 | − | − | 19 | |||
| 17 | M/27 | IGE | − | <0.1 | − | − | 20 | |||
| 18 | F/72 | Lt. TLE | − | 3.8 | − | − | 22 | |||
| 19 | F/22 | IGE | − | 3.4 | − | − | 23 | |||
| 20 | M/35 | Bilat. FLE | LEV | − | 2.6 | − | − | 23 | ||
| 21 | M/20 | IGE | LEV | − | 2.6 | − | − | 24 | ||
| 22 | F/49 | JAE | CLZ | − | 3.6 | − | − | 24 | ||
| 23 | M/34 | Rt. TLE | LEV | − | 5.5 | − | − | 25 | ||
| 24 | M/26 | IGE | ETX | − | 4.6 | − | − | 27 | ||
| 25 | M/24 | Lt. TLE | − | N/A | − | − | 27 | |||
| 26 | M/26 | IGE | − | 2.4 | − | − | 29 | |||
| 27 | F/34 | Bilat. TLE | − | 1.6 | − | − | 30 | |||
| 28 | F/18 | Rt. FLE | LEV | − | 4.7 | − | − | 31 | ||
| 29 | M/39 | IGE | − | 3.2 | − | − | 32 |
Abbreviations: AED, antiepileptic drug; Bilat., bilateral; BSA, body surface area; CLZ, clonazepam; ETX, ethosuximide; FLE, frontal lobe epilepsy; FTLE, frontotemporal epilepsy; FU, follow‐up; IGE, idiopathic generalized epilepsy; JAE, juvenile absence epilepsy; LEV, levetiracetam; LMT, lamotrigine; Lt., left; OLE, occipital epilepsy; Rt., right; TLE, temporal lobe epilepsy.
Idiosyncratic skin rash was defined as the incidence of rash within 2 wk (14 d ± 3) of lamotrigine onset.
The extent of skin rash was calculated using the Lung & Browder body surface chart.
Propranolol was coadministered for one day before the rash.
Codeine, bromhexine, chlorpheniramine, and roxithromycin were coadministered for 3 d before the rash.
Celecoxib was coadministered for 9 d before the rash.