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. 2021 May 31;11:11321. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90887-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Analysis of the gene expression profile in MDA-MB-231 cells stably expressing maspin or control. (A) Comparison of mRNA expression profiles between MB-231-maspin and MB-231-control cells. Volcano plot shows expression levels upregulated (red dot), downregulated (blue dot), and unchanged (gray dot) in MB-231-maspin cells. The x-axis is log2 fold change of gene expression levels between to cell lines, and the y-axis is adjusted P-value based on -log10. Red and blue dots show the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on P < 0.05. Deep color represents 1.5-fold expression difference. (B) Heatmap and hierarchical clustering of the DEGs with > 1.5-fold change in MB-231-maspin cells. (C) Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis based on the DAVID biological process term. Bubble chart represents top-10 cluster enriched in a list of iDEGs. The x-axis is fold enrichment values, and the y-axis is the enrichment term. The size of bubble represents the number of DEGs. Transparency of the bubbles represents P-value. R (ver. 4.0.2, https://www.r-project.org)²³ and RStudio (Ver. 1.3.959, https://rstudio.com) software were used to plot volcano plot, heatmap, and bubble chart. Tidyverse packages (ver. 1.3.0, https://www.tidyverse.org)²⁴ and pheatmap (ver. 1.0.12, https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=pheatmap)²⁵ packages were used to run the software.