Summary of findings 2. Anticoagulants (therapeutic dose) compared to anticoagulants (prophylactic dose) for people hospitalised with COVID‐19.
| Anticoagulants (therapeutic dose) compared to anticoagulants (prophylactic dose) for people hospitalised with COVID‐19 | |||
| Patient or population: people hospitalised with COVID‐19 Setting: hospital (ICU and ward) Intervention: anticoagulants (therapeutic dose) Comparison: anticoagulants (prophylactic dose) | |||
| Outcomes | Impact |
№ of participants (Studies) |
Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) |
| All‐cause mortality Follow‐up: 35 days | One study reported an absolute rate of death lower in the therapeutic group (34.2% versus 53%) and an HR adjusted for confounding of 0.21 (95% CI 0.10 to 0.46). | 244 (1 retrospective NRS) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b |
| Necessity for additional respiratory support | No study measured this outcome | ||
| Mortality related to COVID‐19 | No study measured this outcome | ||
| Deep vein thrombosis | No study measured this outcome | ||
| Pulmonary embolism | No study measured this outcome | ||
| Major bleeding Follow‐up: 35 days | One study reported 51 (31.7%) bleeding events in the intervention group and 17 (20.5%) bleeding events in the control group (OR 1.80, 95% CI 0.96 to 3.37). | 244 (1 retrospective NRS) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b |
| CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; ICU: intensive care unit; NRS: non‐randomised studies; OR: odds ratio | |||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate; the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited; the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate; the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | |||
aDowngraded one level due to study limitations. Overall serious risk of bias, especially related to selection bias. bDowngraded one level due to imprecision. Narrative synthesis was conducted with imprecise estimates based on fewer than 400 participants.