Fig. 4. Arzanol is cytotoxic for bladder carcinoma cells in mono- and CDDP-combination therapy.

Arzanol reduces cell viability in bladder cancer cells as determined by the MTT assay. CDDP-resistant (CDDP-R) RT-112 bladder carcinoma cells (A) and CDDP-sensitive RT-112 bladder carcinoma cells (B) were incubated for 24 h with indicated concentrations of arzanol in serum-free, amino acid-supplied medium. C CDDP-sensitive RT-112 bladder carcinoma cells were incubated with indicated concentrations of CDDP in monotherapy or in a combination with 5 µM arzanol in serum-free, amino acid-supplied medium. CDDP-resistant (CDDP-R) RT-112 bladder carcinoma cells (D) and CDDP-sensitive RT-112 bladder carcinoma cells (E) were incubated for 24 h with indicated concentrations of arzanol in serum- and amino acid-free medium. F CDDP-sensitive RT-112 bladder carcinoma cells were incubated with indicated concentrations of CDDP in monotherapy or in a combination with 5 µM arzanol in serum- and amino acid-free medium. The results are shown as mean ± SEM of at least three individual experiments performed in triplicates. All IC₅₀ values were calculated using GraphPad Prism 7.01 (function log(inhibitor) vs. response – variable slope (four parameters)).