Table 1.

P values from the analysis of variance for the effects of preceding crop and N fertilizer rate on yield and yield components of malting barley in Kofele. Environments (year and location), replications within environments and their interactions with fixed effects were considered as random effects.

Effects	Spike m−2 [No]	Plant height [cm]	Harvest index [%]	Grain yield [kg ha−1]	Biomass yield [kg ha−1]	Seed weight [mg]	Grain protein [%]
Preceding crop [PC]	<0.0001	0.0029	0.1296	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Nitrogen rate [N]	0.0078	0.0319	0.1625	0.0079	0.0651	0.0002	0.0104
Nlinear	0.1219	0.0116	0.9884	0.0063	0.0696	0.0102	0.1511
Nquadratic	0.8152	0.5450	0.3905	0.6802	0.8444	0.5139	0.6694
Ncubic	0.6668	0.5997	0.4765	0.9253	0.7162	0.6263	0.8653
PC∗N	0.0302	0.1196	0.3151	0.8305	0.1931	<0.0001	<0.0001