Figure 18.

Modeling and visualization of molecules in cells.Top, model of a mycoplasma bacterium based on data from WholeCell models (75). In this computer graphics visualization, the whole model is shown at the base, then in progressive layers, the membrane is removed, and soluble molecules are removed to show only the DNA and RNA. Modeling and visualization by Ludovic Autin and Martina Maritan. Bottom, creating an illustration of SARS-CoV-2 using CellPAINT. Molecules are chosen from the palette on the left and interactively painted into the scene. In the pop-up “Create Ingredient” window, the user is reading coordinates for the cellular receptor ACE2 to add to the palette.