Figure 4.

Dog demography and implications for campaign strategies. (A) The age pyramid for vaccinated dogs by sex. (B) Bootstrapped estimates of the proportion of the population in each age class from the age data (dark blue) compared to estimates from the demographic models fit to these data (light blue). (C) Parameter estimates for annual fertility rates and adult survival probability, with estimates highlighted in orange showing the parameter estimates that result in positive population growth. (D) Simulated vaccination coverage (N = 1000) using the demographic parameters from (C) in a hypothetical commune with 1000 dogs for three different campaign strategies: (1) annual vaccination campaigns targeting dogs of all ages (purple), (2) routine vaccination of puppies at 3 months of age, and (3) a combined strategy with campaigns annually and continuous puppy vaccination in between campaigns.