Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of early-onset versus late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia.
| Clinical Data | Total Patients (n = 60) |
Early-Onset VAP (n = 36) |
Late-Onset VAP (n = 24) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 38 ± 16 | 35 ± 15 | 42 ± 18 | 1.25 |
| Sex-ratio (male/female) | 29/31 | 19/17 | 10/14 | 0.403 |
| Underlying comorbidity | ||||
| -Psychiatric disorders, n (%) | 20 (33) | |||
| -COPD, n (%) | 5 (8.5) | |||
| -Hypertension, n (%) | 4 (6.5) | |||
| -Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 2 (3) | |||
| -No underlying comorbidity, n (%) | 29 (48) | |||
| ICU admission diagnoses | ||||
| -Acute poisoning, n (%) | 43 (72) | 33 (92) | 10 (42) | ˂10−3 |
| -Acute respiratory failure, n (%) | 12 (20) | 2 (5) | 10 (42) | 0.004 |
| -Endocrine disorders, n (%) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.4 |
| -Neurologic disease, n (%) | 4 (7) | 2 (5) | 2 (8) | 1 |
| Gravity scores | ||||
| -SAPS II, median [IQR] | 40.5 [32–44] | 36.5 [32–44] | 41 [39–47] | 0.049 |
| -APACHE II, median [IQR] | 19 [15–22] | 17 [15–22] | 21 [19–23] | 0.002 |
| -SOFA, median [IQR] | 6 [5–10] | 5.5 [4–10] | 8 [6–10] | 0.037 |
| -Prior antibiotic use, n (%) | 41(68) | 52 | 92 | 0.002 |
| ICU stay | ||||
| Duration of ICU stay days, median [IQR] | 17 [12–31] | |||
| Duration mechanical ventilation, days, median [IQR] | 11 [8–24] | |||
| Sepsis, n (%) | 7 (12) | |||
| ARDS, n (%) | 9 (15) | |||
| Mortality, n (%) | 32 (53) | |||
| Mortality at D14 | 7 (19) | 3 (12) | 0.37 | |
| Mortality at D28 | 12 (33) | 4 (17) | 0.061 |
SD = standard deviation; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SAPS II = Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, APACHE II = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; IQR = interquartile range; ICU = intensive care unit; SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, MV = mechanical ventilation, ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome.